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He kept in constant contact with his family while he was in Australia.
A: gradual
B: regular
C: direst
D: occasional
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共用题干
第一篇
Florence Nightingale
Florence Nightingale was born in Florence,Italy,while her wealthy English parents
were traveling in Europe.As a child,she traveled to many places with her family and
learned how to speak several languages.
When Nightingale was 17,she told her family that she was going to help sick people.
Her parents did not approve,but Nightingale was determined.
She traveled to hospitals all over Europe.She saw that doctors were working too hard.
She saw that patients died because they did not get enough care.Nightingale felt that
women could be doing more to help doctors take care of sick people.
Nightingale knew that in order for nurses to do more,they needed special training in
how to take care of sick people.Nightingale went to a hospital in Germany to study nursing.
Then she returned to London and became the head of a group of women called
Gentlewomen During Illness.These women cared for sick people in their homes.
In 1854,England was fighting a war with Russia.War reporters wrote about the
terrible conditions in the hospitals that cared for the wounded.People demanded that
something be done about it.A leader of the government asked Florence Nightingale to take
some nurses into the war hospitals.So,in November 1854,Nightingale finally got to work
in a hospital.
She took along 38 nurses whom she had trained herself.
At first,the doctors on the battlefields did not want Nightingale and her nurses in their
hospitals.They did not believe that women could help.But in fact,the nurses did make a
difference.They worked around the clock,tending the sick.Thanks to their hard work,
many wounded soldiers survived.
After the war,Nightingale and her nurses were treated like heroes.Finally,in 1860,
she started the Nightingale School for Nurses.In time,thanks to Florence Nightingale,
nursing became an important part of medicine.
Nightingale played a great role in
A:the building of war hospitals.
B:the education of women.
C:the development of nursing.
D:the improvement of working conditions for women.
第一篇
Florence Nightingale
Florence Nightingale was born in Florence,Italy,while her wealthy English parents
were traveling in Europe.As a child,she traveled to many places with her family and
learned how to speak several languages.
When Nightingale was 17,she told her family that she was going to help sick people.
Her parents did not approve,but Nightingale was determined.
She traveled to hospitals all over Europe.She saw that doctors were working too hard.
She saw that patients died because they did not get enough care.Nightingale felt that
women could be doing more to help doctors take care of sick people.
Nightingale knew that in order for nurses to do more,they needed special training in
how to take care of sick people.Nightingale went to a hospital in Germany to study nursing.
Then she returned to London and became the head of a group of women called
Gentlewomen During Illness.These women cared for sick people in their homes.
In 1854,England was fighting a war with Russia.War reporters wrote about the
terrible conditions in the hospitals that cared for the wounded.People demanded that
something be done about it.A leader of the government asked Florence Nightingale to take
some nurses into the war hospitals.So,in November 1854,Nightingale finally got to work
in a hospital.
She took along 38 nurses whom she had trained herself.
At first,the doctors on the battlefields did not want Nightingale and her nurses in their
hospitals.They did not believe that women could help.But in fact,the nurses did make a
difference.They worked around the clock,tending the sick.Thanks to their hard work,
many wounded soldiers survived.
After the war,Nightingale and her nurses were treated like heroes.Finally,in 1860,
she started the Nightingale School for Nurses.In time,thanks to Florence Nightingale,
nursing became an important part of medicine.
Nightingale played a great role in
A:the building of war hospitals.
B:the education of women.
C:the development of nursing.
D:the improvement of working conditions for women.
共用题干
Early or Later Day Care
The British psychoanalyst John Bowiby maintains that separation from the parents during the sensitive "attachment"period from birth to three may scar a child's personality and predispose to emotional problems in later life.Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlby's work that children should not be subjected to day care before the age of three because of the parental separation it entails,and many people do believe this.But there are also arguments against such a strong conclusion.
Firstly,anthropologists point out that the insulated love affair between children and parents found in modern societies does not usually exist in traditional societies.For example,in some tribal societies,such as the Ngoni,the father and mother of a child did not rear their infant alone-far from it.Secondly,common sense tells us that day care would not be so widespread today if parents,care-takers found children had problems with it.Statistical studies of this kind have not yet been carried out,and even if they were,the results would be certain to be complicated and controversial.Thirdly,in the last decade there have been a number of careful American studies of children in day care,and they have uniformly reported that day care had a neutral or slightly positive effect on children's development.But tests that have had to be used to measure this development are not widely enough accepted to settle the issue.
But Bowlby's analysis raises the possibility that early day care has delayed effects.The possibility that such care might lead to,say,more mental illness or crime 15 or 20 years later can only be explored by the use of statistics.Whatever the long-term effects,parents sometimes find the immediate effects difficult to deal with.Children under three are likely to protest at leaving their parents and show unhappiness.At the age of three or three and a half almost all children find the transition to nursery easy,and this is undoubtedly why more and more parents make use of child care at this time.The matter,then,is far from clear-cut, though experience and available evidence indicate that early care is reasonable for infants.
Which of the following is derivable from Bowiby's work?
A:Mothers should not send their children to day care centers before the age of three.
B:Day care nurseries have positive effects on a child's development.
C:A child sent to a day care center before the age of three may have emotional problems in later life.
D:Day care would not be so popular if it has noticeable negative effects on a child's personality.
Early or Later Day Care
The British psychoanalyst John Bowiby maintains that separation from the parents during the sensitive "attachment"period from birth to three may scar a child's personality and predispose to emotional problems in later life.Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlby's work that children should not be subjected to day care before the age of three because of the parental separation it entails,and many people do believe this.But there are also arguments against such a strong conclusion.
Firstly,anthropologists point out that the insulated love affair between children and parents found in modern societies does not usually exist in traditional societies.For example,in some tribal societies,such as the Ngoni,the father and mother of a child did not rear their infant alone-far from it.Secondly,common sense tells us that day care would not be so widespread today if parents,care-takers found children had problems with it.Statistical studies of this kind have not yet been carried out,and even if they were,the results would be certain to be complicated and controversial.Thirdly,in the last decade there have been a number of careful American studies of children in day care,and they have uniformly reported that day care had a neutral or slightly positive effect on children's development.But tests that have had to be used to measure this development are not widely enough accepted to settle the issue.
But Bowlby's analysis raises the possibility that early day care has delayed effects.The possibility that such care might lead to,say,more mental illness or crime 15 or 20 years later can only be explored by the use of statistics.Whatever the long-term effects,parents sometimes find the immediate effects difficult to deal with.Children under three are likely to protest at leaving their parents and show unhappiness.At the age of three or three and a half almost all children find the transition to nursery easy,and this is undoubtedly why more and more parents make use of child care at this time.The matter,then,is far from clear-cut, though experience and available evidence indicate that early care is reasonable for infants.
Which of the following is derivable from Bowiby's work?
A:Mothers should not send their children to day care centers before the age of three.
B:Day care nurseries have positive effects on a child's development.
C:A child sent to a day care center before the age of three may have emotional problems in later life.
D:Day care would not be so popular if it has noticeable negative effects on a child's personality.
If you make a promise,you should fulfill it.
A:keep
B:take
C:try
D:win
A:keep
B:take
C:try
D:win
共用题干
Old and Active
It is well-known that life expectancy is longer in Japan than in most other countries.A________(51)
report also shows that Japan has the longest health expectancy in the world.A healthy long life is the result
of the________(52)in social environment.
Scientists are trying to work__________(53)exactly what keeps elderly Japanese people so healthy,and
whether there is a lesson to be_________(54)from their lifestyles for the rest of us.Should we________
(55)any changes to our eating habits,for instance,or go jogging each day before breakfast?Is there some
secret___________(56)in the Japanese diet that is particularly___________(57)to the human body?
Another factor____________(58)to the rapid population aging in Japan is a decline in birthrate.Although
longer life should be celebrated,it is____________(59)considered a social problem.The number of older
people had__________(60)in the last half century and that has increased pension and medical costs.The
country could soon be____________(61)an economic problem,if there are so many old people to be looked
___________(62),and relatively few younger people working and paying taxes to support them.
___________(63)the retirement age from 65 to 70 could be one solution to the problem.Work can give
the elderly a___________(64)of responsibility and mission in life.It's important that the elderly play active
________(65)in the society and live in harmony with all generations.
_________(60)
A:reduced
B:added
C:doubled
D:multiplied
Old and Active
It is well-known that life expectancy is longer in Japan than in most other countries.A________(51)
report also shows that Japan has the longest health expectancy in the world.A healthy long life is the result
of the________(52)in social environment.
Scientists are trying to work__________(53)exactly what keeps elderly Japanese people so healthy,and
whether there is a lesson to be_________(54)from their lifestyles for the rest of us.Should we________
(55)any changes to our eating habits,for instance,or go jogging each day before breakfast?Is there some
secret___________(56)in the Japanese diet that is particularly___________(57)to the human body?
Another factor____________(58)to the rapid population aging in Japan is a decline in birthrate.Although
longer life should be celebrated,it is____________(59)considered a social problem.The number of older
people had__________(60)in the last half century and that has increased pension and medical costs.The
country could soon be____________(61)an economic problem,if there are so many old people to be looked
___________(62),and relatively few younger people working and paying taxes to support them.
___________(63)the retirement age from 65 to 70 could be one solution to the problem.Work can give
the elderly a___________(64)of responsibility and mission in life.It's important that the elderly play active
________(65)in the society and live in harmony with all generations.
_________(60)
A:reduced
B:added
C:doubled
D:multiplied
共用题干
第二篇
People who forgive show less depression,anger and stress and more hopefulness.To forgive may be divine,but no one ever said it was easy.When someone has deeply hurt you,it can be extremely difficult to let go of your grudge.But forgiveness is possible,and it can be surprisingly beneficial to your physical and mental health.
"People who forgive show less depression,anger and stress and more hopefulness,"says Fredric,Ph.D,author of Forgive for Good."So it can help save on the wear and tear on our organs, reduce the wearing out of the immune system and allow people to feel more vital."
So how do you start the healing?Try the following steps:
Calm yourself. To defuse your anger,try a simple stress management technique."Take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure:a beautiful scene in nature,or someone you love."Frederic says.
Don't wait for an apology. "Many times the person who hurt you has no intention of apologizing,"Frederic says."They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don't see things the same way.So if you wait for people to apologize,you could be waiting an awfully long time."Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean reconciliation with the person who upset you or condoning of his or her action.
Take the control away from your offender. Mentally replaying your hurt gives power to the person who caused you pain."Instead of focusing on your wounded feeling,learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you,"Frederic says.
Try to see things from the other person's perspective.If you empathize with that person,you may realize that he or she was acting out of ignorance,fear,even love.To gain perspective,you may want to write a letter to yourself from your offender's point of view.
Recognize the benefits of forgiveness.Research has shown that people who forgive report more energy,better appetite and better sleep patterns.
Don't forget to forgive yourself."For some people,forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge,"Frederic says."But it can rob you self-confidence if you don't do it."
When you try to calm yourself,you are actually trying to_________.
A:recall things you love
B:show you are angry
C:relieve your stress
D:breathe normally
第二篇
People who forgive show less depression,anger and stress and more hopefulness.To forgive may be divine,but no one ever said it was easy.When someone has deeply hurt you,it can be extremely difficult to let go of your grudge.But forgiveness is possible,and it can be surprisingly beneficial to your physical and mental health.
"People who forgive show less depression,anger and stress and more hopefulness,"says Fredric,Ph.D,author of Forgive for Good."So it can help save on the wear and tear on our organs, reduce the wearing out of the immune system and allow people to feel more vital."
So how do you start the healing?Try the following steps:
Calm yourself. To defuse your anger,try a simple stress management technique."Take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure:a beautiful scene in nature,or someone you love."Frederic says.
Don't wait for an apology. "Many times the person who hurt you has no intention of apologizing,"Frederic says."They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don't see things the same way.So if you wait for people to apologize,you could be waiting an awfully long time."Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean reconciliation with the person who upset you or condoning of his or her action.
Take the control away from your offender. Mentally replaying your hurt gives power to the person who caused you pain."Instead of focusing on your wounded feeling,learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you,"Frederic says.
Try to see things from the other person's perspective.If you empathize with that person,you may realize that he or she was acting out of ignorance,fear,even love.To gain perspective,you may want to write a letter to yourself from your offender's point of view.
Recognize the benefits of forgiveness.Research has shown that people who forgive report more energy,better appetite and better sleep patterns.
Don't forget to forgive yourself."For some people,forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge,"Frederic says."But it can rob you self-confidence if you don't do it."
When you try to calm yourself,you are actually trying to_________.
A:recall things you love
B:show you are angry
C:relieve your stress
D:breathe normally
