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Old and Active
It is well-known that life expectancy is longer in Japan than in most other countries.A________(51)
report also shows that Japan has the longest health expectancy in the world.A healthy long life is the result
of the________(52)in social environment.
Scientists are trying to work__________(53)exactly what keeps elderly Japanese people so healthy,and
whether there is a lesson to be_________(54)from their lifestyles for the rest of us.Should we________
(55)any changes to our eating habits,for instance,or go jogging each day before breakfast?Is there some
secret___________(56)in the Japanese diet that is particularly___________(57)to the human body?
Another factor____________(58)to the rapid population aging in Japan is a decline in birthrate.Although
longer life should be celebrated,it is____________(59)considered a social problem.The number of older
people had__________(60)in the last half century and that has increased pension and medical costs.The
country could soon be____________(61)an economic problem,if there are so many old people to be looked
___________(62),and relatively few younger people working and paying taxes to support them.
___________(63)the retirement age from 65 to 70 could be one solution to the problem.Work can give
the elderly a___________(64)of responsibility and mission in life.It's important that the elderly play active
________(65)in the society and live in harmony with all generations.
_________(60)
A:reduced
B:added
C:doubled
D:multiplied
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Sleeping
People who sleep for more than eight hours a night do not live as long as those who
sleep for six hours,according to the biggest study yet into sleep patterns and mortality（死
亡率）.
Scientists have no explanation for the findings and do not know if they mean people who
like a lie-in（睡懒觉）can extend their lives by sleeping less.
Although it is a common belief that sleeping for at least eight hours a night is vital for
health and well-being,the six-year study involving more than 1.1 million Americans older
than 30 found that those who slept for less than eight hours were far from doing themselves
any long-term harm.
"Individuals who now average 6.5 hours of sleep a night can be reassured that this is a
safe amount of sleep.From a health standpoint,there is no reason to sleep longer,"said
Daniel Kripke , a professor of psychiatry（精神病学）at the University of California, San
Diego.
Dr. Kripke said,"We don't know if long sleep periods lead to death.Additional studies
are needed to determine if setting your alarm clock earlier will actually improve your health."
The scientists,who were funded by the American Cancer Society,found that the best
survival rates were among the men and women who slept for seven hours a night.Those
who slept for eight hours were 12 per cent more likely to die during the six-year period of the
study,when other factors such as diet and smoking were taken into account.
Even those who spent a mere five hours a night in bed lived longer than those who slept
eight or more hours.However,an increasing death rate was found among those who slept
for less than five hours.
Dr. Kripke said,"Previous sleep studies have indicated that both short-and long-duration
（持续时间）sleep had higher mortality rates. However, none of those studies were large
enough to distinguish the difference between seven and eight hours a night,until now."
The study shows that the longer you sleep each night,the longer you'll live.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned
Sleeping
People who sleep for more than eight hours a night do not live as long as those who
sleep for six hours,according to the biggest study yet into sleep patterns and mortality（死
亡率）.
Scientists have no explanation for the findings and do not know if they mean people who
like a lie-in（睡懒觉）can extend their lives by sleeping less.
Although it is a common belief that sleeping for at least eight hours a night is vital for
health and well-being,the six-year study involving more than 1.1 million Americans older
than 30 found that those who slept for less than eight hours were far from doing themselves
any long-term harm.
"Individuals who now average 6.5 hours of sleep a night can be reassured that this is a
safe amount of sleep.From a health standpoint,there is no reason to sleep longer,"said
Daniel Kripke , a professor of psychiatry（精神病学）at the University of California, San
Diego.
Dr. Kripke said,"We don't know if long sleep periods lead to death.Additional studies
are needed to determine if setting your alarm clock earlier will actually improve your health."
The scientists,who were funded by the American Cancer Society,found that the best
survival rates were among the men and women who slept for seven hours a night.Those
who slept for eight hours were 12 per cent more likely to die during the six-year period of the
study,when other factors such as diet and smoking were taken into account.
Even those who spent a mere five hours a night in bed lived longer than those who slept
eight or more hours.However,an increasing death rate was found among those who slept
for less than five hours.
Dr. Kripke said,"Previous sleep studies have indicated that both short-and long-duration
（持续时间）sleep had higher mortality rates. However, none of those studies were large
enough to distinguish the difference between seven and eight hours a night,until now."
The study shows that the longer you sleep each night,the longer you'll live.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned
共用题干
Food and Cancer
Medical experts have suspected for many years that there is a strong link between what a person eats and
cancer. They say a new study provides the first evidence that vitamins could reduce a person's chance of
developing cancer. A team of Chinese and American scientists did the study.They are from American
National Cancer Institute and the Cancer Institute of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences in Beijing.
The Journal of the National Cancer Institute published the results of the study. About thirty thousand people
between the ages of 40 to 69 took part in the study.They were from the northern central Chinese area of
Linxian.Most of them took vitamins and minerals everyday for five years.
Linxian was chosen because the people there have an extremely high rate of cancer of stomach and
esophagus.Researchers believe that fungus and molds in local foods may be partly responsible for the high
cancer rate.Researchers divided those people into eight groups.Seven of the groups received different
mixtures of vitamins and minerals daily.The amounts of the vitamins and minerals were 1 to 2 times greater
than what American health officials say is needed.The eighth group received sugar pills that had no effect.
Those who seemed to gain the most received a mixture of a form of vitamin A called β-carotene,vitamin E
and the mineral selenium（硒）.The vitamin and mineral are believed to prevent damage to cells caused by
cancer-causing substances.Researchers reported a 1 3 percent drop in cancer rates in those who took
β-carotene,vitamin E and selenium.They also found a 10 percent drop in the number of deaths caused by
strokes from bursting blood vessels.
Scientists warn that it is too soon to know if the effect would be the same among people in other
countries.They note that the people in Linxian eat foods that lack necessary vitamins and minerals.Chinese
officials will continue to record the health records of the people in Linxian for many years.For now officials
reportedly are considering using the results of the study.They want to find a way to improve the health of
people in Linxian and other small towns in China.
The study lasted for about five years.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned
Food and Cancer
Medical experts have suspected for many years that there is a strong link between what a person eats and
cancer. They say a new study provides the first evidence that vitamins could reduce a person's chance of
developing cancer. A team of Chinese and American scientists did the study.They are from American
National Cancer Institute and the Cancer Institute of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences in Beijing.
The Journal of the National Cancer Institute published the results of the study. About thirty thousand people
between the ages of 40 to 69 took part in the study.They were from the northern central Chinese area of
Linxian.Most of them took vitamins and minerals everyday for five years.
Linxian was chosen because the people there have an extremely high rate of cancer of stomach and
esophagus.Researchers believe that fungus and molds in local foods may be partly responsible for the high
cancer rate.Researchers divided those people into eight groups.Seven of the groups received different
mixtures of vitamins and minerals daily.The amounts of the vitamins and minerals were 1 to 2 times greater
than what American health officials say is needed.The eighth group received sugar pills that had no effect.
Those who seemed to gain the most received a mixture of a form of vitamin A called β-carotene,vitamin E
and the mineral selenium（硒）.The vitamin and mineral are believed to prevent damage to cells caused by
cancer-causing substances.Researchers reported a 1 3 percent drop in cancer rates in those who took
β-carotene,vitamin E and selenium.They also found a 10 percent drop in the number of deaths caused by
strokes from bursting blood vessels.
Scientists warn that it is too soon to know if the effect would be the same among people in other
countries.They note that the people in Linxian eat foods that lack necessary vitamins and minerals.Chinese
officials will continue to record the health records of the people in Linxian for many years.For now officials
reportedly are considering using the results of the study.They want to find a way to improve the health of
people in Linxian and other small towns in China.
The study lasted for about five years.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned
共用题干
The Value of Motherhood
In shopping malls,the assistants try to push you into buying“a gift to thank her for her unselfish love”.When you log onto a website,a small popo-up invites you to book a bouquet for her. Commercial warmth and gratitude are the atmosphere being spread around for this special Sunday in May.
______(1)The popularity of Mother's Day around the world suggests that Jarvis got all she wanted. In fact,she got more一enough to make her horrified.
______(2)They buy,among other things,132 million cards. Mother's Day is the No. 1 holiday for flower purchases. Then there are the various commodities,ranging from jewelry and clothes to cosmetics and washing powder,that take advantage of the promotion opportu- nities.Because of this,Jarvis spent the last 40 years of her life trying to stop Mother's Day. One protest against the commercialization of Mother's Day even got her arrested一for distur- bing the peace,interestingly.
______(3)As Ralph Fevre,a reporter at the UK newspaper The Guardian,observe, traditionally“motherhood is something that we do because we think it's right.”But in the logic of commercialism,people need something in exchange for their time and energy. A ca- reer serves this purpose better.
______(4)So they work hard and play hard. Becoming a mother,however,inevitably handicaps career anticipation.
______(5)According to The Guardian,there are twice as many child-free young women as there were a generation ago. Or,they put off the responsibility of parenting until later in their lives.
So,Fevre writes that the meaning of celebrating Mother's Day needs to be updated:“It is to persuade people that parenting is a good idea and to honor people for their attempt to be good people.”
______(3)
A:.The American version of Mother's Day was thought up as early as 1905,by Anna Jarvis,as a way of recognizing the real value of motherhood.
B: But what's more,commercialism changes young people's attitude towards mother-hood.
C: Obviously,the best gift will be a phone call or a visit.
D: According to a research by the US card company Hallmark,96 percent of American consumers celebrate the holiday.
E: As a result,motherhood has suffered a huge drop in status since the 1950s.
F: In addition,women are being encouraged to pursue any career they desire.
The Value of Motherhood
In shopping malls,the assistants try to push you into buying“a gift to thank her for her unselfish love”.When you log onto a website,a small popo-up invites you to book a bouquet for her. Commercial warmth and gratitude are the atmosphere being spread around for this special Sunday in May.
______(1)The popularity of Mother's Day around the world suggests that Jarvis got all she wanted. In fact,she got more一enough to make her horrified.
______(2)They buy,among other things,132 million cards. Mother's Day is the No. 1 holiday for flower purchases. Then there are the various commodities,ranging from jewelry and clothes to cosmetics and washing powder,that take advantage of the promotion opportu- nities.Because of this,Jarvis spent the last 40 years of her life trying to stop Mother's Day. One protest against the commercialization of Mother's Day even got her arrested一for distur- bing the peace,interestingly.
______(3)As Ralph Fevre,a reporter at the UK newspaper The Guardian,observe, traditionally“motherhood is something that we do because we think it's right.”But in the logic of commercialism,people need something in exchange for their time and energy. A ca- reer serves this purpose better.
______(4)So they work hard and play hard. Becoming a mother,however,inevitably handicaps career anticipation.
______(5)According to The Guardian,there are twice as many child-free young women as there were a generation ago. Or,they put off the responsibility of parenting until later in their lives.
So,Fevre writes that the meaning of celebrating Mother's Day needs to be updated:“It is to persuade people that parenting is a good idea and to honor people for their attempt to be good people.”
______(3)
A:.The American version of Mother's Day was thought up as early as 1905,by Anna Jarvis,as a way of recognizing the real value of motherhood.
B: But what's more,commercialism changes young people's attitude towards mother-hood.
C: Obviously,the best gift will be a phone call or a visit.
D: According to a research by the US card company Hallmark,96 percent of American consumers celebrate the holiday.
E: As a result,motherhood has suffered a huge drop in status since the 1950s.
F: In addition,women are being encouraged to pursue any career they desire.
If you make a promise,you should fulfill it.
A:keep
B:take
C:try
D:win
A:keep
B:take
C:try
D:win
共用题干
Words and Word Origins
When you are learning languages,what do you think is the most interesting?One of the most interesting of all studies is the study of words and word origins.
Each language is_________(51)of several earlier languages and the words of a language can sometimes be traced__________(52)through two or three different languages to their origins.Again a word from one language may pass into other languages and___________(53)a new meaning.
The word"etiquette,"which is__________(54)French origin and originally meant a label（标志）,or a sign,passed into Spanish and kept its original meaning. So in Spanish the word"etiquette" today is used to _________(55) the small tags（标签）which a store __________(56) to a suit,a dress or a bottle.The word"etiquette"in French, _________(57), gradually developed a different meaning. It________(58)became the custom to write directions on small cards, or "etiquette",as to how visitors should dress themselves and act during an important ceremony at the royal court.________(59)the word"etiquette"began to indicate a system of correct manners for people to follow. With this meaning,the word passed into English.
Consider the word"breakfast"."To fast"is to go for some period of time without________ (60).Thus in the morning after many hours during the night without food,one_________(61)one's fast.
Consider the everyday English_________(62) "Goodbye".Many many years ago,people would say to each _________(63)on parting "God be with you".As this was ________(64)over and over millions of times,it gradually became________(65)to "Goodbye".
_________(55)
A:show
B:design
C:hold
D:indicate
Words and Word Origins
When you are learning languages,what do you think is the most interesting?One of the most interesting of all studies is the study of words and word origins.
Each language is_________(51)of several earlier languages and the words of a language can sometimes be traced__________(52)through two or three different languages to their origins.Again a word from one language may pass into other languages and___________(53)a new meaning.
The word"etiquette,"which is__________(54)French origin and originally meant a label（标志）,or a sign,passed into Spanish and kept its original meaning. So in Spanish the word"etiquette" today is used to _________(55) the small tags（标签）which a store __________(56) to a suit,a dress or a bottle.The word"etiquette"in French, _________(57), gradually developed a different meaning. It________(58)became the custom to write directions on small cards, or "etiquette",as to how visitors should dress themselves and act during an important ceremony at the royal court.________(59)the word"etiquette"began to indicate a system of correct manners for people to follow. With this meaning,the word passed into English.
Consider the word"breakfast"."To fast"is to go for some period of time without________ (60).Thus in the morning after many hours during the night without food,one_________(61)one's fast.
Consider the everyday English_________(62) "Goodbye".Many many years ago,people would say to each _________(63)on parting "God be with you".As this was ________(64)over and over millions of times,it gradually became________(65)to "Goodbye".
_________(55)
A:show
B:design
C:hold
D:indicate
