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A Health Profile
A Health profile is a portrait of all of the factors that influence your health. To draw your health profile,you will___ 1___ what diseases run in your family,what health hazards you may be exposed to ___2___ work,how your daily ___3___ compares to the recommended stand-ards,how much time per week you___ 4___ exercising and what type of exercise you engage ___5___ ,how stressful your work and family environments are,what kinds of illnesses you get regularly,and___ 6___or not you have any one of a number of addictions.___ 7___ this portrait, you should have a checkup to determine how your blood,heart,and lungs are functioning.
This checkup will serve___8___ a baseline,to which you can then compare later tests. ___9___this profile is thoroughly drawn,you can begin to think about setting health prior- ities based___10___ your particular portrait. For example,if you drink two martinis every eve- ning,have a high-stress___11___ ,are overweight,smoke a pack of cigarettes a day,and use ma- rijuana occasionally on weekends,you should quit smoking first,followed___12___ losing the excess weight,reducing the stress of your job,giving up your marihuana habit,and then finally giving some ___13___ to those martinis if you want to prevent first cancer,and then heart disease. Even for the youthful working person who has never been sick a day in his life,who is ___14___ excellent health,a good look at all health habits and at work and home environments may suggest changes that will ___15___ him in the future.
1._________
A: know
B: have known
C: need know
D: need to know
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Early or Later Day Care
The British psychoanalyst John Bowiby maintains that separation from the parents during the sensitive "attachment"period from birth to three may scar a child's personality and predispose to emotional problems in later life.Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlby's work that children should not be subjected to day care before the age of three because of the parental separation it entails,and many people do believe this.But there are also arguments against such a strong conclusion.
Firstly,anthropologists point out that the insulated love affair between children and parents found in modern societies does not usually exist in traditional societies.For example,in some tribal societies,such as the Ngoni,the father and mother of a child did not rear their infant alone-far from it.Secondly,common sense tells us that day care would not be so widespread today if parents,care-takers found children had problems with it.Statistical studies of this kind have not yet been carried out,and even if they were,the results would be certain to be complicated and controversial.Thirdly,in the last decade there have been a number of careful American studies of children in day care,and they have uniformly reported that day care had a neutral or slightly positive effect on children's development.But tests that have had to be used to measure this development are not widely enough accepted to settle the issue.
But Bowlby's analysis raises the possibility that early day care has delayed effects.The possibility that such care might lead to,say,more mental illness or crime 15 or 20 years later can only be explored by the use of statistics.Whatever the long-term effects,parents sometimes find the immediate effects difficult to deal with.Children under three are likely to protest at leaving their parents and show unhappiness.At the age of three or three and a half almost all children find the transition to nursery easy,and this is undoubtedly why more and more parents make use of child care at this time.The matter,then,is far from clear-cut, though experience and available evidence indicate that early care is reasonable for infants.
Which of the following is derivable from Bowiby's work?
A:Mothers should not send their children to day care centers before the age of three.
B:Day care nurseries have positive effects on a child's development.
C:A child sent to a day care center before the age of three may have emotional problems in later life.
D:Day care would not be so popular if it has noticeable negative effects on a child's personality.
Early or Later Day Care
The British psychoanalyst John Bowiby maintains that separation from the parents during the sensitive "attachment"period from birth to three may scar a child's personality and predispose to emotional problems in later life.Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlby's work that children should not be subjected to day care before the age of three because of the parental separation it entails,and many people do believe this.But there are also arguments against such a strong conclusion.
Firstly,anthropologists point out that the insulated love affair between children and parents found in modern societies does not usually exist in traditional societies.For example,in some tribal societies,such as the Ngoni,the father and mother of a child did not rear their infant alone-far from it.Secondly,common sense tells us that day care would not be so widespread today if parents,care-takers found children had problems with it.Statistical studies of this kind have not yet been carried out,and even if they were,the results would be certain to be complicated and controversial.Thirdly,in the last decade there have been a number of careful American studies of children in day care,and they have uniformly reported that day care had a neutral or slightly positive effect on children's development.But tests that have had to be used to measure this development are not widely enough accepted to settle the issue.
But Bowlby's analysis raises the possibility that early day care has delayed effects.The possibility that such care might lead to,say,more mental illness or crime 15 or 20 years later can only be explored by the use of statistics.Whatever the long-term effects,parents sometimes find the immediate effects difficult to deal with.Children under three are likely to protest at leaving their parents and show unhappiness.At the age of three or three and a half almost all children find the transition to nursery easy,and this is undoubtedly why more and more parents make use of child care at this time.The matter,then,is far from clear-cut, though experience and available evidence indicate that early care is reasonable for infants.
Which of the following is derivable from Bowiby's work?
A:Mothers should not send their children to day care centers before the age of three.
B:Day care nurseries have positive effects on a child's development.
C:A child sent to a day care center before the age of three may have emotional problems in later life.
D:Day care would not be so popular if it has noticeable negative effects on a child's personality.
共用题干
第二篇
People who forgive show less depression,anger and stress and more hopefulness.To forgive may be divine,but no one ever said it was easy.When someone has deeply hurt you,it can be extremely difficult to let go of your grudge.But forgiveness is possible,and it can be surprisingly beneficial to your physical and mental health.
"People who forgive show less depression,anger and stress and more hopefulness,"says Fredric,Ph.D,author of Forgive for Good."So it can help save on the wear and tear on our organs, reduce the wearing out of the immune system and allow people to feel more vital."
So how do you start the healing?Try the following steps:
Calm yourself. To defuse your anger,try a simple stress management technique."Take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure:a beautiful scene in nature,or someone you love."Frederic says.
Don't wait for an apology. "Many times the person who hurt you has no intention of apologizing,"Frederic says."They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don't see things the same way.So if you wait for people to apologize,you could be waiting an awfully long time."Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean reconciliation with the person who upset you or condoning of his or her action.
Take the control away from your offender. Mentally replaying your hurt gives power to the person who caused you pain."Instead of focusing on your wounded feeling,learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you,"Frederic says.
Try to see things from the other person's perspective.If you empathize with that person,you may realize that he or she was acting out of ignorance,fear,even love.To gain perspective,you may want to write a letter to yourself from your offender's point of view.
Recognize the benefits of forgiveness.Research has shown that people who forgive report more energy,better appetite and better sleep patterns.
Don't forget to forgive yourself."For some people,forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge,"Frederic says."But it can rob you self-confidence if you don't do it."
When you try to calm yourself,you are actually trying to_________.
A:recall things you love
B:show you are angry
C:relieve your stress
D:breathe normally
第二篇
People who forgive show less depression,anger and stress and more hopefulness.To forgive may be divine,but no one ever said it was easy.When someone has deeply hurt you,it can be extremely difficult to let go of your grudge.But forgiveness is possible,and it can be surprisingly beneficial to your physical and mental health.
"People who forgive show less depression,anger and stress and more hopefulness,"says Fredric,Ph.D,author of Forgive for Good."So it can help save on the wear and tear on our organs, reduce the wearing out of the immune system and allow people to feel more vital."
So how do you start the healing?Try the following steps:
Calm yourself. To defuse your anger,try a simple stress management technique."Take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure:a beautiful scene in nature,or someone you love."Frederic says.
Don't wait for an apology. "Many times the person who hurt you has no intention of apologizing,"Frederic says."They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don't see things the same way.So if you wait for people to apologize,you could be waiting an awfully long time."Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean reconciliation with the person who upset you or condoning of his or her action.
Take the control away from your offender. Mentally replaying your hurt gives power to the person who caused you pain."Instead of focusing on your wounded feeling,learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you,"Frederic says.
Try to see things from the other person's perspective.If you empathize with that person,you may realize that he or she was acting out of ignorance,fear,even love.To gain perspective,you may want to write a letter to yourself from your offender's point of view.
Recognize the benefits of forgiveness.Research has shown that people who forgive report more energy,better appetite and better sleep patterns.
Don't forget to forgive yourself."For some people,forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge,"Frederic says."But it can rob you self-confidence if you don't do it."
When you try to calm yourself,you are actually trying to_________.
A:recall things you love
B:show you are angry
C:relieve your stress
D:breathe normally
If you make a promise,you should fulfill it.
A:keep
B:take
C:try
D:win
A:keep
B:take
C:try
D:win
共用题干
The Drink Your Body Needs Most
1. Our bodies are estimated to be about 60%to 70%water. Blood is mostly water, and our mus- dles,lungs and brain all contain a lot of water. Water is needed to regulate body temperature and to provide the means for nutrients（滋养物）to travel to all our organs. Water also transports oxy-gen to our cells,removes waste,and protects our joints and organs.
2. We lose water through urination（排尿）, respiration（呼吸）, and by sweating. If you are very active,you lose more water than if you do not take much exercise.Symptoms of mild dehydration （脱水）include chronic pains in joints and muscles,lower back pain,headaches,and constipation
（便秘）.A strong smell to your urine,along with a yellow color indicates that you are not getting enough water. Thirst is an obvious sign of dehydration and in fact,you need water long before you feel thirsty.
3 .A good rule of thumb（好的做法）is to take your body weight in pounds and divide that num- her in half. That gives you the number of ounces（盎司）of water per day that you need.For ex-ample,if you weigh 160 pounds,you should drink at least 80 ounces of water per day.If you ex- ercise you should drink another 8-ounce glass of water for every 20 minutes you are active.If you drink coffee or alcohol,you should add at least an equal amount of water. When you are traveling on an airplane,it is good to have 8 ounces of water for every hour you are on board the plane.
4 .It may be difficult to drink enough water on a busy day.Be sure you have water handy at all times by keeping a bottle for water with you when you are working,traveling,or exercising. If you get bored with plain water,add a bit of lemon for a touch of flavor. There are some brands of fla-vored water available,but some of them have sugar or artificial sweeteners that you don't need.
Paragraph 3________
A: Ounces of water needed per day
B:.Importance of water
C: Composition of water
D: Signs of dehydration
E: Supply of water
F: Necessity for bringing a bottle for water
The Drink Your Body Needs Most
1. Our bodies are estimated to be about 60%to 70%water. Blood is mostly water, and our mus- dles,lungs and brain all contain a lot of water. Water is needed to regulate body temperature and to provide the means for nutrients（滋养物）to travel to all our organs. Water also transports oxy-gen to our cells,removes waste,and protects our joints and organs.
2. We lose water through urination（排尿）, respiration（呼吸）, and by sweating. If you are very active,you lose more water than if you do not take much exercise.Symptoms of mild dehydration （脱水）include chronic pains in joints and muscles,lower back pain,headaches,and constipation
（便秘）.A strong smell to your urine,along with a yellow color indicates that you are not getting enough water. Thirst is an obvious sign of dehydration and in fact,you need water long before you feel thirsty.
3 .A good rule of thumb（好的做法）is to take your body weight in pounds and divide that num- her in half. That gives you the number of ounces（盎司）of water per day that you need.For ex-ample,if you weigh 160 pounds,you should drink at least 80 ounces of water per day.If you ex- ercise you should drink another 8-ounce glass of water for every 20 minutes you are active.If you drink coffee or alcohol,you should add at least an equal amount of water. When you are traveling on an airplane,it is good to have 8 ounces of water for every hour you are on board the plane.
4 .It may be difficult to drink enough water on a busy day.Be sure you have water handy at all times by keeping a bottle for water with you when you are working,traveling,or exercising. If you get bored with plain water,add a bit of lemon for a touch of flavor. There are some brands of fla-vored water available,but some of them have sugar or artificial sweeteners that you don't need.
Paragraph 3________
A: Ounces of water needed per day
B:.Importance of water
C: Composition of water
D: Signs of dehydration
E: Supply of water
F: Necessity for bringing a bottle for water
共用题干
Old and Active
It is well-known that life expectancy is longer in Japan than in most other countries.A________(51)
report also shows that Japan has the longest health expectancy in the world.A healthy long life is the result
of the________(52)in social environment.
Scientists are trying to work__________(53)exactly what keeps elderly Japanese people so healthy,and
whether there is a lesson to be_________(54)from their lifestyles for the rest of us.Should we________
(55)any changes to our eating habits,for instance,or go jogging each day before breakfast?Is there some
secret___________(56)in the Japanese diet that is particularly___________(57)to the human body?
Another factor____________(58)to the rapid population aging in Japan is a decline in birthrate.Although
longer life should be celebrated,it is____________(59)considered a social problem.The number of older
people had__________(60)in the last half century and that has increased pension and medical costs.The
country could soon be____________(61)an economic problem,if there are so many old people to be looked
___________(62),and relatively few younger people working and paying taxes to support them.
___________(63)the retirement age from 65 to 70 could be one solution to the problem.Work can give
the elderly a___________(64)of responsibility and mission in life.It's important that the elderly play active
________(65)in the society and live in harmony with all generations.
_________(60)
A:reduced
B:added
C:doubled
D:multiplied
Old and Active
It is well-known that life expectancy is longer in Japan than in most other countries.A________(51)
report also shows that Japan has the longest health expectancy in the world.A healthy long life is the result
of the________(52)in social environment.
Scientists are trying to work__________(53)exactly what keeps elderly Japanese people so healthy,and
whether there is a lesson to be_________(54)from their lifestyles for the rest of us.Should we________
(55)any changes to our eating habits,for instance,or go jogging each day before breakfast?Is there some
secret___________(56)in the Japanese diet that is particularly___________(57)to the human body?
Another factor____________(58)to the rapid population aging in Japan is a decline in birthrate.Although
longer life should be celebrated,it is____________(59)considered a social problem.The number of older
people had__________(60)in the last half century and that has increased pension and medical costs.The
country could soon be____________(61)an economic problem,if there are so many old people to be looked
___________(62),and relatively few younger people working and paying taxes to support them.
___________(63)the retirement age from 65 to 70 could be one solution to the problem.Work can give
the elderly a___________(64)of responsibility and mission in life.It's important that the elderly play active
________(65)in the society and live in harmony with all generations.
_________(60)
A:reduced
B:added
C:doubled
D:multiplied
