He had a clear picture of a sad and lonely man, deeply concerned about his health which seemed to promise only a fairly rapid decline into （ ）.

A.convalesce B.recovery C.senility D.relapse

Then I saw in my dream, that when they were got out of the wilderness, they presently saw a town before them, and the name of the town is Vanity; and at the town there is a fair kept, called Vanity Fair; it is kept all the year long. It bears the name of Vanity Fair, because the town where it is kept is lighter than vanity, and also because all that is there sold, or that comes thither, is vanity. As is the saying of the wise, “All that comes is vanity.” This fair is no newly begun business, but a thing of ancient standing. I will show you the original of it. Almost five thousand years ago, there were pilgrims walking to the Celestial City, as these two honest persons are; and Beelzebub, Apollyon, and Legion, with their companions, perceiving by the path that the pilgrims made, that their way to the city lay through this town of Vanity, they contrived here to set up a fair; a fair wherein should be sold all sorts of vanity, and that it should last all the year long. Therefore at this fair are all such things sold, as houses, lands, trades, places, honors, preferments, titles, countries, kingdoms, lusts, pleasures, and delights of all sorts, as wives, husbands, children, masters, servants, lives, blood, bodies, souls, silver, gold, pearls, precious stones, and what not. And, moreover, at this fair there is at all times to be seen cheats, games, plays, fools, apes, knaves, and rogues, and that of every kind. Here are to be seen, too, and that for nothing, thefts, murders, adulteries, false swearers, and that of a blood-red color. And, as in other fairs of less moment, there are the several rows and streets, under their proper names, where such and such wares are vended; so here likewise you have the proper places, rows, streets (namely, countries and kingdoms), where the wares of this fair are soonest to be found. Here are the Britain Row, the French Row, the Italian Row, the Spanish Row, the German Row, where several sorts of vanities are to be sold. But, as in other fairs, some one commodity is as the chief of all the fair, so the ware of Rome and her goods are greatly promoted in this fair; only our English nation, with some others, have taken a dislike thereat. Now, as I said, the way to the Celestial City lies just through this town where this lusty fair is kept; and he that would go to the city, and yet not go through this town, must needs go out of the world. The Prince of princes himself, when here, went through this town to his own country, and that upon a fair day too; yea, and as I think, it was Beelzebub, the chief lord of this fair, that invited him to buy of his vanities; yea, would have made him lord of the fair, would he but have done him reverence as he went through the town.

1.The word “fair” in Vanity Fair is closest in meaning to （ ）. 2. The word “they” in Line 3, Paragraph 3 refers to （ ）.3.Which of the following is FALSE about Vanity Fair?4.Where is Vanity Fair situated?5.The pronoun “him”, in “would he but have done him reverence as he went through the town” refers to （ ）.

A.justice B.average C.a travelling show D.market问题2： A.Beelzebub, Apollyon, and Legion B.these two honest persons C.the companions of the these two honest persons D.pilgrims问题3： A.Cheating, stealing and killing prevails. B.You can buy things as well as humans. C.It is an ancient invention. D.The expensive goods are made in Rome.问题4： A.In a town on the way to the Celestial City. B.In Britain C.Nowhere D.In Europe问题5： A.the Prince of princes B.the Lord of the fair C.the Celestial City D.He

Mary Barton, particularly in its early chapters, is a moving response to the suffering of theindustrial worker in the England of the 1840’s. What is most impressive about the book is the intense and painstaking effort made by the author, Elizabeth Gaskell, to convey the experience of everyday life in working-class homes. Her method is partly documentary in nature: the novel includes such features as a carefully annotated reproduction of dialect, the exact details of food prices in an account of a tea party, an itemized description of the furniture of the Bartons’ living room, and a transcription(again annotated of the ballad “The Oldham Weaver.” The interest of this record is considerable, even though the method has a slightly distancing effect. As a member of the middle class, Gaskell could hardly help approaching working-class life as an outside observer and a reporter, and the reader of the novel is always conscious of this fact. But there is genuine imaginative re-creation in her accounts of the walk in Green Heys Fields, of tea at the Bartons’ house, and of John Barton and his friend’s discovery of the starving family in the cellar in the chapter “Poverty and Death.” Indeed, for a similarly convincing re-creation of such families emotions and responses (which are more crucial than the material details on which the mere reporter is apt to concentrate), the English novel had to wait 60 years for the early writing of D.H. Lawrence. If Gaskell never quite conveys the sense of full participation that would completely authenticate this aspect of Mary Barton, she still brings to these scenes an intuitive recognition of feelings that has its own sufficient conviction.The chapter “Old Alice’s History” brilliantly dramatizes the situation of that early generation of workers brought from the villages and the countryside to the urban industrial centers. The account of Job Legh, the weaver and naturalist who is devoted to the study of biology, vividly embodies one kind of response to an urban industrial environment: an affinity for living things that hardens, by its very contrast with its environment, into a kind of crankiness. The early chapters - about factory workers walking out in spring into Green Heys Fields; about Alice Wilson, remembering in her cellar the twig-gathering for brooms in the native village that she will never again see; about Job Lgh, intent on his impaled insects - capture the characteristic responses of a generation to the new and crushing experience of industrialism. The other early chapters eloquently portray the development of the instinctive cooperation with each other that was already becoming an important tradition among workers.1.Which of the following best describes the author’s attitude toward Gaskell’s use of the method of documentary record in Mary Barton?According to the passage, Mary Barton and the early novels of D.H Lawrence share which of the following?2. Which of the following is most closely analogous to Job Legh in Mary Barton, as that character is described in the passage?3.It can be inferred from examples given in the last paragraph of the passage that which of the following was part of “the new and crushing experience of indusfrialism” (lines 33-34) for many 4.members of the English working class in the nineteenth century?5.It can be inferred that the author of the passage believes that Mary Barton might have been an even better novel if Gaskell had（ ） .

6.Which of the following phrases could best be substituted for the phrase ‘"this aspect of Mary Barton" in line 20-21 without changing the meaning of the passage as a whole?

7.The author of the passage describes Mary Barton as each of the following EXCEPT

A.Uncritical enthusiasm B.Unresolved ambivalence C.Qualified approval D.Resigned acceptance问题2： A.Depiction of the feelings of working-class families. B.Documentary objectivity about working-class circumstances. C.Richly detailed description of working-class adjustment to urban life. D.Imaginatively structured plots about working-class characters.问

The poor industrialist had said that the minimum wage would put him out of business, （ ）by the noble academic that it would not need to if he ran his company properly.

A.to be only told B.only being told C.only to be told D.being only told

侵略行为似乎与许多生物结构和化学物质有关，如大脑中的下丘脑(hypothalamus)。很多动物在受到特定刺激时会表现出本能的侵略反应。下丘脑似乎与动物的这种本能反应有关：对许多动物的下丘脑中部分区域进行电激，会引发这一些它们的常见侵略行为。然而，人类的大脑要复杂的多，大脑的其他结构似乎可以抑制这种本性。社会生物学是生物学方法的一个分支，该理论认为侵略性对于人类而言是天生并且必要的。社会生物学认为，包括侵略行为在内的许多社会行为都是由遗传决定的。根据达尔文的进化论，他认为，个体存在的数量远远超过那些可以找到食物并且活到成年的个体数量。个体之间开始进行生存竞争，那些拥有竞争优势的个体更容易存活，并且会将它们有利于生存竞争的基因遗传给下一代。大部分物种所具有的竞争优势特质之一就是好斗性。拥有侵略特质的个体更容易存活和繁殖，因此，与侵略行为相关的各种基因遗传给下一代的可能性更大。该理论在众多方面遭到质疑，其一，人类拥有其他物种不具备的能力，这种并非侵略性质的能力才是人类生存下来的主要原因。其二，人类身上存在太多的变数，因此，我们无法相信人类会被侵略冲动主导或者支配。

In the last 12 years total employment in the United States grew faster than at any time in the peacetime history of any country-from 82 to 110 million between 1973 and 1985-that is, by a full one third. The entire growth, however, was in manufacturing, and especially no-blue-collar jobs.This trend is the same in all developed countries, and is, indeed, even more pronounced in Japan. It is therefore highly probable that in 25 years developed countries such as the United States and Japan will employ no larger a proportion of the harbor force in manufacturing than devolved countries now employ in farming-at most, 10 percent. Today the United States employs around 18 million people in blue-collar jobs in manufacturing industries. By 2010, the number is likely to be no more than 12 million. In some major industries the drop will be even sharper.It is quite unrealistic, for instance, to expect that the American automobile industry will employ more one-third of its present blue-collar force 25 years hence, even though production might be 50 percent higher.If a company, an industry or a country does not in the next quarter century sharply increase manufacturing production and at the same sharply reduce the blue-collar work force, it cannot hope to remain competitive or even to remain "developed”. The attempt to preserve such blue-collar jobs is actually a prescription for unemployment.This is not a conclusion that American politicians, labor leaders or indeed the general public can easily understand or accept. What confuses the issue even more it that the United States is experiencing several separate and different shifts in the manufacturing economy. One is the acceleration of the substitution of knowledge and capital for manual labor. When Henry Ford introduced the assembly line in 1909, he cut the number of man-hours required to produce a motor by some 80 percent in two or three years---far more than anyone expects to result from even the most complete prioritization. But there is no doubt that we are facing a new, sharp acceleration in the replacement of manual workers by machines—that is, by the products of knowledge.

1.According to the author, the shrinkage in the manufacturing labor force demonstrates（ ）.2.According to the author, in coming 25 years, a developed country or industry, in order to remain competitive, ought to（ ） .

3.American politicians and labor leaders tend to dislike（ ） .4.The word "prescription" in ’’a prescription for unemployment" may be the equivalent to（ ）.5.This passage may have been excepted from （ ）.

A.the degree to which a country's production is robotized B.a reduction in a country’s manufacturing industries C.a worsening relationship between labor and management D.the difference between a developed country and a developing country问题2： A.reduce the percentage of the blue-collar work force B.preserve blue-collar jobs for international competition C.accelerate motor-car manufacturing in Henry Ford’s style D.solve the problem of unemployment问题3： A.confusion in manufacturing economy B.an increase in blue-collar work force C.internal competition in manufacturing production D.a drop in the blue-collar job opportunities问题4： A.something recommended as medical treatment B.a way suggested to overcome somber difficulty C.some measures taken in advance D.a device to dire问题5： A.a magazine about capital investment B.an article on automation C.a motor-car magazine D.an article on global economy