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On trade,President Donald Trump has launched lots of investigations,withdrawn from one deal and started the renegotiation of another.But this week is the first time he has put up a big new barrier On January 22nd he approved broad and punitive duties,of up to 30%on imports of solar panels and up to 50%on imports of washing machines.His backers say that the measure,which affects aroundS 10bn of imports,will protect American workers.His critics cling to the hope that the damage will be mild.Both are wrong.Start with the claims made by the administration.Workers are also consumers,and Mr Trump's actions will whack them.Tariffs raise prices and dull competition.Whirlpool Corporation,the washing machine maker which asked for the duties,knows as much.When,n 2006,it merged with maytag,arival,it quelled concerns about its high market share by pointing to competition from abroad.One study found that clothes-dryer prices rose by 14%after the merger.For washing machines,where import competition was fiercer,prices were unchanged The solar industry is a clearer case.It has about 260,000 workers,a mere 2,000 of whom were making solar cells and panels at the end of 2016.The government reckons that the fastest-growing occupation over the next ten years will be that of solar installer.The Solar Energy Industries Association,a body that is enraged by the new tariffs,reckons that the industry will support up to 23,000 fewer jobs because of them.Meanwhile,as if to underline the irony,the two companies that asked for protection are unlikely to be saved And do not forget that the tariffs may harm American industry more broadly.Restricting markets for imports tends to spark retaliation that restricts markets for exports-especially when,as with these latest tariffs,they affect everyone.China,supposedly the focus of American ire,produces 60%of the world,solar cells and is responsible for 21%of America's imports.But South Korea will also be hit,and its government is poised to dispute America's action at the World Trade Organisation.Other casualties include Mexico,Canada and the European Union That Mr Trump has stayed within the rules is small comfort:they give him enormous scope to poison world trade.And it would be wrong to skate over the differences between his administration and its predecessors.The last time this particular safeguard was applied was in 2002.It is especially belligerent.Past presidents remained wary of hurting American consumers,and mindful of international repercussions.Mr.Trump,by contrast,seems to hold a steadfast belief that protectionism works.His rhetoric-and now his actions-invite aggrieved petitioners to apply for help.The logic of his stance on trade is to use tariffs not sparingly,but repeatedly and aggressively.Mr Trump is now open for business,just not the healthy sort
The case of Whirlpool Corporation mentioned in Paragraph 2 intends to
A.explain how and why workers suffer from Trump's policy
B.prove the benefits of raising tariffs to American public
C.highlight the importance of merges among corporations
D.illustrate the tactics used against the foreign competitors
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Growing bodies need movement and（ ）,but not just in ways that emphasize competition.
A.care
B.nutrition
C.exercise
D.leisure
A.care
B.nutrition
C.exercise
D.leisure
Instincts are the natural resources of human behavior,the raw materials of action,feeling,and thought.They are the primary motives and the indispensable instruments of action.But like other natural resources,men's original tendencies must be controlled and redirected,if they are to be frurtfully utilized in the interests of human welfare.There are a number of conditions that make imperative the control of native tendencies.The first of these is intrinsic to the organization of instincts themselves:impulses are stimulated at random and collide with one another.Often one impulse,be it that of curiosity or aggression,can be indulged only at the expense or frustration of many others just as natural,normal,and inevitable.A life is a long-time enterprise and it contains a diversity of desires.If all of these are to receive any measure of fulfillment there must be compromise and adjustment between them;they must all be subjected to some measure of control.A second cause for the control of instinct lies in the fact that people live and have to live together.The close association which is so characteristic of human life is partly attributable to a specific gregarious instinct,partly to the increasing need for cooperation which marks the increasing complexity of civilization.But whatever be its causes,group association makes it necessary that men regulate their impulses and actions with reference to one another.Endowed as human beings are with more or less identical sets of original native desires,the desires of one cannot be freely fulfilled without frequently coming into conflict with the similar desires of others.Still another imperative reason for the control of our instinctive equipment lies in the fact that instincts as such are inadequate to adjust either the individual or the group to contemporary conditions.They were developed in the process of evolution as useful methods for enabling the human animal to cope with a radically different and incomparably simpler environment.While the problems and processes of his life and environment have grown more complex,man's inborn equipment for controlling the world he lives in has,through the long history of civilization,remained practically unchanged.And,finally,so vastly complicated have become the physical and the social machinery of civilized life that it is literally impossible to depend on instincts to adjust us to an environment far different from that to which they were in the process of evolution adapted.In the light of these conditions men have found that if they are to live happily and fruitfully together,certain original tendencies must be stimulated and developed,others weakened,redirected,and modified,and still others,within limits possibly,altogether repressed.
Priests,teachers and parents have for generations advised their wards io think twice before speaking,to count to ten when angry and to get a good night's sleep before making big decisions.Social networks care little for seconcl thoughts.Services such as Facebook and Twitter are built to maximise"virality",making it irresistible to share,like and retweet things.They are getting better at it:fully half of the 40 most-retweeted tweets clate from January last year.Starting this month,however,users of WhatsApp,a messaging service owned by Facebook,will find it harder to spread content.They will no longer be able to forward messages to more than 20 0thers in one go,down from more than 100.The goal is not to prevent people from sharing information-only to get users to think about what they are passing on.It Js an idea other platforms should consider copying.Skeptics point out that WhatsApp can afford to hinder the spread of information on its platform because it does not rely on the sale of adverrisements to make money.Slowing down sharing would be more damaging to social networks such as Facebook and Twitter,which make money by keeping users on their sites and showing them ads.Their shareholders would surely refuse anything that lessens engagement.Sure enough,Facebook's shares fell by 23%in after-hours trading,partly because Mark Zuckerberg,its boss,said that its priority would be to get users to interact more with each other,not to promote viral content.Yet the short-term pain caused by a decline in virality may be in the long-term interests of the social networks.Fake news and concerns about cligital addiction,among other things,have already damaged the reputations of tech platforms.Moves to slow sharing could lielp see off harsh action by regulators and lawmakers.They could also improve its service.Instagram,a photo-sharing social network also owned by Facebook,shows that you can be successful without resorting to virality.It offers no sharing options and does not allow links but boasts more than a billion monthly users.It has remained relatively free of misinformation.Facebook does not break out Instagram's revenues,but it is thought to make money.The need to constrain virality is becoming ever more urgent.About half the world uses the internet today.The next 3.8bn users to go online will be poorer and less familiar with media.The examples of deceptions,misinformation and violence in India suggest that the capacity to manipulate people online is even greater when they first gain access to cligital communications.Small changes can have big effects:social networks have become expert at making their services compulsive by adjusting shades of blue and the size of buttons.They have the knowledge and the tools to maximise the sharing of information.That gives them the power to limit its virality,too.
It can be inferred from Paragraphs 4 and 5 that controlling virality could
A.eliminate concerns about digital addiction.
B.keep a social network free of misinformation
C.contribute to the success of a social network.
D.exempt a social network from harsh regulation
It can be inferred from Paragraphs 4 and 5 that controlling virality could
A.eliminate concerns about digital addiction.
B.keep a social network free of misinformation
C.contribute to the success of a social network.
D.exempt a social network from harsh regulation
For months Twitter,the micro-blogging service,has received the kind of free attention of which most companies can only dream.Politicians,corporate bosses,activists and citizens（1）the plat form to catch every tweet of America's new president,who has become the service's（2）"The whole world is watching Twitter,"（3）Jack Dorsey,the company's chief executive,（4）hepresented its results on February 9th.He has little else to brag about.But Donald Trump has not provided the kind of boost the（5）firm really needs.It reported（6）revenue growth and a loss of s 167m.User growth has been sluggish,too:it added just 2musers in that period.Facebook added 72m.The day of the results,shares in Twitter dropped by 12%.（7）news outlets around the world already report（8）Mr Trump,'s most sensational tweets,many do not feel compelled to join the platform to（9）them.Others are（10）by mobs of trolls and large amounts of misinformation And not（11）Mr Trump could change the cold,hard truth about Twitter:that it can never be Facebook.True,it has become one of the most important（12）for public and political（13）among its 319m monthly users.It played an important role in the Arab spring and（14）such as Black Lives Matter.But the platforms freewheeling nature makes it hard to spin gold from.（15）,really trying to do soby packing Twitter feeds（16）advertising,say-would drive away users Twitters latest results are likely to encourage those who think it should never have become a（17）listed company,and want it to consider alternate models of ownership,such as a co-opera-tive.They（18）1Twitter as a kind of public utility-a"people's platform"the management of which should concern public（19）rather more than commercial ones.If the company were coop-eratively owned by users,it would be（20）from short-term pressure to please its investors and meet earnings targets.（10）选？
A.given up
B.taken away
C.put off
D.sent back
A.given up
B.taken away
C.put off
D.sent back
Warren Buffett,who will host Berkshire Hathaway's annual shareholders'meeting on May 3rd,is an icon of American capitalism.At 83,he also epitomizes a striking demographic（1）:for highly skilled people to go on working well into（2）was once thought to be old age.Across the rich world,well-educated people（3）work longer than the less-skilled.Some 65%o of American menaged 62-74 with a professional degree are in the（4）compared with 32%of men with only a high-school certificate.In the European Union the pattern is similar This（5）is part of a deepening divide between the well-educated（6）and the unskilled poor that is slicing（7）all age groups.Rapid innovation has raised the incomes of the highly skilled while（8）those of the unskilled.Those at the top are working longer hours each year than those at the bottom（9）the l1-qualified are extending their working lives,compared with those of less-educated people.The（10）for individuals and society,are profound The world is on the（11）rise in the number of old people,and they will live longer than ever efore.（12）the next 20 years the global population of those aged 65 or more will almost double from 600m to 1.1 billion The（13）of the 20th century,when greater longevity translated into more years in retirement（14）more years at work,has persuaded many observers that this shift will（15）slower economic growth and"secular stagnation",while the（16）ranks of pensioners will bust government budgets But the notion of a sharp division between the working young and the（17）old misses a new trend,the（18）gap between the skilled and the unskilled.Employment rates are falling among younger unskilled people,（19）older skilled folk are working longer.The divide is most extreme in America,where well-educated baby-boomers are（20）retirement while many less-skilled youn but overseas job markets and foreign government policies favor technology experts From a long-term perspective,it is a positive thing that more than 80 percent of those who pursue education overseas return to China after completing their studies and contribute to the country's economy But the notion of a sharp division between the working young and the（17）old misses a new trend,the（18）gap between the skilled and the unskilled.Employment rates are falling among younger unskilled people,（19）older skilled folk are working longer.The divide is most extreme in America,where well-educated baby-boomers are（20）retirement while many less-skilled younger people have dropped out of the workforce.（15）选？
A.turn to
B.lean to
C.tend to
D.lead to
A.turn to
B.lean to
C.tend to
D.lead to
