Based on the（ ）that every business is now free to formulate its own strategy in light of the changing market, I would predict a market improvement in the efficiency of Chinas economy.
A.guidance B.instruction C.premise D.eminence
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It is one of the paradox of social intercourse that a （ ）is much harder to respond to than an insult.
A.compliment B.condemnation C.complement D.complaint
All the flights（ ） because of the snowstorm, we had to take the train instead.
A.were canceled B.had been canceled C.having canceled D.having been canceled
If sustainable competitive advantage depends on work-force skills, American firms have a problem. Human-resource management is not traditionally seen as central to the competitive survival of the firm in the United States. Skill acquisition is considered an individual responsibility. Labor is simply another factor of production to be hired——rented at the lowest possible cost---much as one buys raw materials or equipment.The lack of importance attached to human-resource management can be seen in the corporation hierarchy. In an American firm the chief financial officer is almost always second in command. The post of head of human-resource management is usually a specialized job, off at the edge of corporate hierarchy. The executive who hold, it is never consulted on major strategic decisions and has no chance to move up to Chief Executive Officer (CEO). By way of contrast, in Japan the head of human-resource management is central---usually the second most important executive, after the CEO, in the firm’s hierarchy, While American firms often talk about the vast amounts spent on training their work forces, in fact they invest less in the skills of their employees than do either Japanese or German firm. The money they do invest is also more highly concentrated on professional and managerial employees. And the limited investments that are made in training workers are also much more narrowly focused on the specific skills necessary to do the next job rather than on the basic background skills that make it possible to absorb new technologies.As a result, problems emerge when breakthrough technology arrives. If American workers, for example, lake much longer to learn how to operate new flexible manufacturing station than workers in German (as they do), the effective cost of those stations is lower in German than it is in the united States. More time is required before equipment is up and running at capacity, and the need for extensive retaining generate costs and created bottlenecks that limit the speed with which new equipment can be employed. The result is a slower pace of the technological change. And in the end the skills of the bottom half the population affect the wages of the top half. If the bottom half can't effectively staff the processes that have to be operated, the management and professional jobs that go with these processes will disappear.1.Which of the following apply to the management of human resources in American companies?2.What is the position of the head of human-resource management in an American firm?3.According to the passage, the decisive factor in maintaining a firm’s competitive advantage is （ ）.4.What is the main idea of the passage?
A.They hire people at the lowest cost regardless of their skills. B.They only hire skilled workers because of keen competition. C.They attach more importance to workers than to equipment. D.They see the gaining of skills as their employees' own business.
问题2：
A.He is one of the most important executives in the firm. B.His post is likely to disappear when new technologies are introduced. C.He has no say in making important decisions in the firm. D.He is directly under the chief financial executive.
问题3：
A.the introduction of new technology B.the improvement of workers' basic skills C.the rational composition of professional and managerial employees D.the attachment of importance to the bottom half of the employees
问题4：
A.American firms are different from Japanese and German firms in human-resource management. B.Extensive retraining is indispensable to effective human-resour
His inability to learn foreign language was an （ ）to his career.
A.shortage B.disturbance C.occurrence D.obstacle
As a general rule, Dad is generous, but as a merchant, he usually drives a hard（ ）.
A.bargain B.deal C.transaction D.negotiation
