从社区的角度为社会服务的发展作出了贡献的是（）。
A.睦邻组织运动B.英国的基督教青年会C.德国的爱尔伯福改革D.英美的慈善组织协会

Not long ago I was asked to join in a public symposium on the role of the American press. Two other speakers were included on the program. The first was a distinguished TV anchorman. The other was the editor of one of the nation's leading papers, a newsman to the core -- tough, aggressive, and savvy in the ways and means of solid reporting.

The purpose of the symposium, as I understood it, was to scrutinize the obligations of the media and to suggest the best ways to meet those obligations.

During the open-discussion period, a gentleman in the audience addressed a question to my two colleagues. Why, he asked, are the newspapers and the television news programs so disaster-prone? Why are newsmen and women so attracted to tragedy, violence, failure?

The anchorman and editor reacted as though they had been blamed for the existence of bad news. Newsmen and newswomen, they said, are only responsible for reporting the news, not for creating it or modifying it.

It didn't seem to me that the newsmen had answered the question. The gentleman who had asked it was not blaming them for the distortions in the world. He was just wondering why distortions are most reported. The news media seem to operate on the philosophy that all news is bad news. Why? Could it be that the emphasis on downside news is largely the result of tradition -- the way newsmen had newswomen are accustomed to respond to daily events?

Perhaps it would be useful here to examine the way we define the word news, for this is where the problem begins. News is Supposed to deal with happenings of the past 12 hours -- 24 hours almost. Anything that happens so suddenly, however, is apt to be eruptive. A sniper kills some pedestrians; a terrorist holds 250 people hostage in a plane; OPEC announces a 25 percent increase in petroleum prices; Great Britain devalues by another 10 percent; a truck conveying radioactive wastes collides with a mobile cement mixer.

Focusing solely on these details, however, produces a misshapen picture, Civilization is a lot more than the sum total of its catastrophes. The most important ingredient in any civilization is progress. But progress doesn't happen all at once. It is not eruptive. Generally, it comes in bits and pieces, very little of it clearly visible at any given moment, but all of it involved in the making of historical change for the better.

It is this aspect of living history that most news reporting reflects inadequately. The result is that we are underinformed about positive developments and overinformed about disasters. This, in turn, leads to a public mood of defeatism and despair, which in themselves tend to be inhibitors of progress. An unrelieved diet of eruptive news depletes the essential human energies a free society needs. A mood of hopelessness and cynicism is hardly likely to furnish the energy needed m meet serious challenges.

I am not suggesting that "positive" news be contrived as an antidote to the disasters on page one. Nor do I define positive news as in-depth reportage of functions of the local YMCA(基督教男青年会). What I am trying to get across is the notion that the responsibility of the news media is to search out and report on important events -- whether or not they come under the heading of conflict, confrontation, or catastrophe. The world is a splendid combination of heaven and hell, and both sectors' call for attention and scrutiny.

My hope is that the profession of journalism will soon see its responsibility in a wider perspective. The time has come to consider the existence of a large area of human happenings that legitimately qualify as news. For example, how many news articles have been written about nitrogen-fixation(固氮作用) -- the process by which plants can be made to "Fix" their own nitrogen, thus reducing the n

A．Y

B．N

C．NG

社会工作行政属于(　　)。

• A直接性社会服务

• B间接性社会服务

• C总体性社会服务

• D具体性社会服务

排球运动是由美国麻省好利若城青年会干事（）发明的

• A.威廉摩根
• B.奈史密斯
• C.鲍尔利伯
• D.阿科斯塔

A、新街礼拜堂

B、竹树脚礼拜堂

C、厦门港礼拜堂

D、基督教青年会

第2篇　たかが30年、されど30年。　この30年という歳月は、私の政治家としての歩みとも、軌を一にするものであります。先ほど胡錦濤国家主席からお話しがありましたように、1978年10月23日、福田赳夫総理は、来日された鄧小平副総理との間で、日中平和友好条約の批准書を交わしました。　私が、国会議員として初当選したのは、その翌年のことであります。1979年、当時、日本青年会議所を代表して、訪中させていただきました。その際、全国青年連合会主席でいらした胡啓立氏にお目にかかったのを、つい昨日のことのように思い出します。　あれから30年。日中両国は、幅広い分野で交流と協力を重ねてまいりました。過ぎ去りし日々に思いを馳せるとき、現在の良好な日中関係は、本日御来場の皆さまをはじめ、数多の尊い御努力に帰するものであることを、改めて痛感しないわけにはいきません。中国くらい、日本にとって重要な国は、ざらにはありません。　30年前は、年間で4万人程度だった人の往来は、昨年は、5百万人を超えました。1日に、1万4千人もの人が、日中間を往来しています。経済面においても、昨年の日中貿易総額は、約2千4百億ドル。30年前の実に50倍です。　日中関係の要諦は、「互いに欠くべからざるパートナー」であります。胡錦濤国家主席も述べられていました。「日中は、和すれば双方に利益をもたらし、争えば双方の利益を損なう」と。この根本的な心構えがあれば、困難があっても、必ずや克服できる。私が、日中「共益」の重要性を一貫して訴え続けてきたのも、こうした考えに基づくものです。