从人类可持续发展的角度来说，植物性食品对于地球资源的利用率确实要高一些。对于那些为了这个目标而素食的人来说，确实应该给予充分的尊敬。但是，人类的发展毕竟是为了让人们活得更美好。那些让人们活得很美好的东西，无论是汽车飞机还是电脑网络，都是依靠消耗地球资源而存在的。相对于这些，肉食对地球的影响并没有那么巨大。对于很多人来说，肉食却是生活中最重要的需求。素食，作为一种个人选择，当然应该受到尊重。但是，素食主义者也不应该为任何原因而站在道德的制高点上，要求别人也素食。
对以上语段的理解，错误的一项是（ ）。
A.当一个人是为了人类可持续发展的目标而选择素食，我们才应该尊敬他|B.人们选择素食还是肉食，并不足以具有改变世界的力量|C.素食主义者往往站在道德的制高点上，要求别人也素食|D.人们为了活得更美好而消耗地球资源，这是无可指责的|
相关专题： 素食主义者
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B:在当年的机器制造行业中，甚至像“在可能的条件下美观”这样的指导条文肯定也不会存在；但是，结构的、功能的、逻辑的“美”，使所有的机器似乎有一种“大师”般的设计气质。
C:尊严从来不能败坏肉食主义者的食欲，道德也不曾给素食主义者裸露的脖颈以适当的遮护。
D:在圣诗中，哀歌是与颂歌相伴的，而圣灵对约伯所受苦难的刻画比对所罗门财富的刻画要更加动人得多了。
阅读下面的两篇文章，读完后，写一篇不少于700字的读后感，要求所写文章必须以所读材料为基础，有真情实感，有思想内涵。
1、一个几千平方米的高大建筑里，里面很空旷，平放着六个笼子，每个笼子里都有一只萎靡的黑熊。奇怪的是它们身上都箍着一个明晃晃的像兜肚的东西。老张告诉我，“这是取胆汁用的，现在的熊胆汁价格是每克300元。”他带我来到第一个笼子跟前，打手势告诉我：“采胆汁开始了。”我看见两个彪悍的工人麻利地左右绑好熊躯，在那刚兜肚两侧各拉起一条粗大的绳子，经过一个特制的滑轮，齐喊了声“嗨！”只见熊身上的钢兜肚渐渐地收缩着收缩着。突然，熊发出了歇斯底里的吼喊：“呜……！”那简直不是吼叫啊，那是变了形状的凄哭。它拼命仰着头痛苦地瞪圆了眼睛，四个粗大的掌子在有限的空间蹬抓着地面，发出“滋拉滋拉”地刺耳声。瞬间，那腹下的钢管里“滴答、滴答”地流出了碧绿色的液体。操作工人又慢慢松开绳子，接着拉起下一个回合，又是一阵声嘶力竭的嚎叫。我看到熊的眼泪瞬时淌下来，它竟然也像人一样咬紧了牙齿，躬起了身体去承受着无休止的痛苦。好悲惨的一幕啊，我不忍再看，扭头走开了。此时，我才明白，夜里那些悲叫是这些带着伤痛的熊，在难挨的暮色里发出的呻吟啊。
老张跟我到门口，我声音颤抖地质问他：“你们还有人性么？它们可都是生命啊！”老张淡淡地说道：“没办法，我们干的就是这样的活啊。”情绪稍定，我无奈地问他：“多长时间采一次胆汁？”他回答道：“那要看情况了，胆汁多的一天两次，少的最迟两天要一次，一般一个熊年产胆粉2000克，可以采10年。”我的心战栗了，一天两次，10年，这是个什么样的魔鬼数字啊，也就是说，这样欲死的折磨每天都要进行两次，要在这样欲生不能的刑法里忍受10年，7200次剜心剔骨，要日复一日，年复一年啊！
我提出要回去。老张说：“一会要对小熊手术，这个关键时刻你可不能走，你代表刘总，你走了，出了事谁能负得起这个责任？”我只好跟他又回到了熊房。在他的招呼下，四个彪悍的工人围拢到了小熊跟前，用铁链子紧紧地捆绑起那只小熊。小熊惊恐地望着大家，当它的眼神看到我时，顿时一亮，哀求地望着我。我的眼睛湿润了。此时，它竟然“扑通”一声向我跪了下来，是四个蹄子同时跪下……老张挥挥手，命令手术开始。小熊失望地朝着屋顶长嚎，其实那是放声大哭。“呜……”那声音惨极了，失望极了，是我在这个世界上从未听过的震撼心灵的呼喊，它简直就是用人类的语言呼喊出来的一个“妈”字，就连那些刽子手般的工人也为之一震。就在此时，一个令人异常震撼的情景出现了。只见笼子里的一只大熊嘶叫了一声，竟然用那巨掌一点点地撑开了拇指般粗的铁笼子，蹦了出来。吓得那些工人四下逃窜，我顿时呆住了，脚下像生了铅，一步也移动不得。可大熊没有理会我的存在，飞快地蹦到了小熊的跟前，用那笨拙的巨掌去解那粗粗的链子，可怎么也解不开。它只好亲吻着小熊，勉强地把它依偎在自己的怀里，用舌头慈爱地舔去小熊脸上的泪水，哼哼叫着去抚慰自己亲爱的孩子。小熊也像在连连叫着妈妈，“呜呜”地呜咽着，求妈妈救救自己。
突然，大熊狂叫着，用自己的巨掌狠狠地掐住小熊的脖子，吼叫着用尽力气掐着，掐着……直到小熊的身体软绵绵地倒下来，它才松开了自己的巨掌。它看着已经死去的孩子，它呜咽着，哀嚎着，仿佛在喊：“孩子啊，妈妈救不了你，但你再不会去受罪了，妈妈对不起你啊！”它先是撕咬着自己的毛发，接着一把拽下了身上的钢兜肚，那钢管带着半个胆囊飞了出去。肚子上的毛皮顿时被鲜血染红了，汩汩地流淌着殷红的赤丹。只见它大叫一声，疯了似的向墙壁撞去，“砰！”墙壁轰然倒塌了。我麻木了，根本不知道自己是如何走出这个熊房的。
2、史怀哲是一位听命于自然呼唤的人，他在《敬畏生命理论的产生及其对我们文化的意义》一文中讲述了童年的一段难忘的经历，一个春天的早晨，他被他的同学拉去打鸟，但给弹弓装上小石头并拉紧之后，却无法瞄准小鸟，有一个神秘的命令来自内心深处，“我面对的是一个活生生的小鸟，它是一条生命。绝不能伤害它，于是，扔下弹弓，惊走了鸟儿。”作为诺贝尔和平奖得主，他的一生似乎都在不断重演着儿时的选择，一个哈姆雷特式的选择：是举起“弹弓”，学会杀戮，还是扔下“弹弓”，劝善与行善。30岁那年，他由神学改习医学，并告别奢华拜物的欧洲，到贫瘠清苦的非洲丛林，为当地土著服务了60年。人们在追忆他的生命意义时，常常描述为“心地纯粹”“无私奉献”“永恒之爱”。将他的价值定格在体验、创造一种道德的生活。史怀哲是一位有着博大精神生活的人，他也是一位有着坚定理念的人，他毕生的理念是“敬畏生命”，并将它铸造成为一种社会共识与公德。
另一位伟大的素食主义者大科学家爱因斯坦曾说过：“素食者所导致性情上的改变和净化，对人类都有相当好的利益，所以素食对人类很吉祥”。爱因斯坦曾专门写过一篇叫《质朴的伟大》的文章称赞史怀哲医生，在文章的开篇中爱因斯坦写道：“像阿尔贝特·史怀哲这样理想地集对善和美的渴望于一身的人，我几乎还没有发现过。而他又有幸具有极为健壮的体格，这给人的印象就更为深刻了。使史怀哲感到欣慰的是，他能用自己的双手去实现符合其天性的一切。健壮的体格要求直接行动，这使他抵制了悲观主义听天由命的倦怠。本来，史怀哲的道德敏感性会使他陷于这种倦怠之中。因此，尽管有当代加于每个敏感的种种失望，史怀哲还是成功地保持了他的乐天的、肯定生活的本性。”
史怀哲之受人尊敬，是在于把作为人道主义的爱和悲悯，敞开给了我们周围生存着的所有生命。他有着一颗“无缘大慈”和“同体大悲”之心。这正是古今中外一切圣者的共同特征。对于史怀哲来说，无条件的爱和仁慈正是其作为一个生命的意义之所在。他说：“我的生命对我来说充满了意义，我身旁的这些生命一定也有相当重要的意义。如果我要别人尊重我的生命，那么我也必须尊重其他的生命。道德观在西方世界一直就仅限于人与人之间，这是非常狭隘的。我们应该要有无界限的道德观，包括对动物也一样。”
第一篇
The Relationship between IQ and Being a Vegetarian
A Southampton University team found that people who were vegetarians (素食主义者）by 30 had recor-
ded five IQ points higher on average at the age of]U.Researchers said it could explain why people with a
higher IQ were healthier as a vegetarian diet was linked to lower heart disease and obesity（肥胖）rates.The
study of 8,179 people was reported in the british Medical Journal.
Twenty years after the IQ tests were carried out in 1970,366 of the participants said they were vegetarians一
although more than 100 reported eating either fish or chicken.
Men who were vegetarians had an IQ score of 106,compared with 101 for non-vegetarians;while female
vegetarians averaged 104,compared with 99 for non-vegetarians.There was no difference in the IQ scores
between strict vegetarians and those who said they were vegetarians but reported eating fish or chicken.
Researchers said the findings were partly related to better education and higher class,but it remained
statistically significant after adjusting for these factors.
Vegetarians were more likely to be female,to be of higher social class and to have higher academic or
vocational qualifications than non-vegetarians.However,these differenIces were not reflected in their annual
income,which was similar to that of non-vegetarians.
Lead researcher Catharine Gale said,"The findings that children with greater intelligence are more likely to
report being vegetarians as adults,together with the evidence on the potential benefits of a vegetarian diet on
heart health,may help to explain why a higher IQ in childhood or adolescence is linked with a reduced risk of
coronary heart disease in adult life."
But Dr Frankie Phillips of the British Dietetic Association said, "It is like the chicken and egg."Do
pcople become vegetarians because they have avery high IQ or is it just that they are clever enough to be
more aware of health issues?
Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A:Vegetarians are more likely to have higher social class than non-vegetarians.
B:Vegetarians are more likely to have higher academic qualifications than non-vegetarians,
C:There are more female non-vegetarians than female vegetarians.
D:Vegetarians are more likely to have higher professional qualifications than non-vegetarians.
第一篇
The Relationship between IQ and Being a Vegetarian
A Southampton University team found that people who were vegetarians (素食主义者）by 30 had recor-
ded five IQ points higher on average at the age of]U.Researchers said it could explain why people with a
higher IQ were healthier as a vegetarian diet was linked to lower heart disease and obesity（肥胖）rates.The
study of 8,179 people was reported in the british Medical Journal.
Twenty years after the IQ tests were carried out in 1970,366 of the participants said they were vegetarians一
although more than 100 reported eating either fish or chicken.
Men who were vegetarians had an IQ score of 106,compared with 101 for non-vegetarians;while female
vegetarians averaged 104,compared with 99 for non-vegetarians.There was no difference in the IQ scores
between strict vegetarians and those who said they were vegetarians but reported eating fish or chicken.
Researchers said the findings were partly related to better education and higher class,but it remained
statistically significant after adjusting for these factors.
Vegetarians were more likely to be female,to be of higher social class and to have higher academic or
vocational qualifications than non-vegetarians.However,these differenIces were not reflected in their annual
income,which was similar to that of non-vegetarians.
Lead researcher Catharine Gale said,"The findings that children with greater intelligence are more likely to
report being vegetarians as adults,together with the evidence on the potential benefits of a vegetarian diet on
heart health,may help to explain why a higher IQ in childhood or adolescence is linked with a reduced risk of
coronary heart disease in adult life."
But Dr Frankie Phillips of the British Dietetic Association said, "It is like the chicken and egg."Do
pcople become vegetarians because they have avery high IQ or is it just that they are clever enough to be
more aware of health issues?
What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?
A:Intelligence is linked to not just being a vegetarian but many factors.
B:The rate of getting heart disease is linked to your lifestyle.
C:The link between a high IQ and being a vegetarian is still uncertain.
D:The link between a healthy heart and diet remains to be proved.
A:当一个人为了人类可持续发展的目标而选择素食，我们才应该尊重他
B:人们选择素食还是肉食，并不足以具有改变世界的力量
C:素食主义者往往站在道德的制高点上，要求别人也素食
D:人们为了活得更美好而消耗地球资源，这是无可指责的
