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The Case of the Disappearing Fingerprints
One useful anti-cancer drug can effectively erase the whorls and other characteristic marks that give people their distinctive fingerprints. Losing______(51)could become troublesome. A case released online in a letter by Annals of Oncology indicates how big a______(52)of losing fingerprints is.
Eng-Huat Tan,a Singapore-based medical doctor describes a 62-year old man who has used capecitabine to______(53)his nasopharyngeal cancer. After three years on the______(54),the patient decided to visit U.S. relatives last December. But he was stopped by U.S. customs officials______(55)4 hours after entering the country when those officials couldn't get fingerprints from the man.There were no distinctive swirly______(56)appearing from his in-dex finger.
U.S.customs has been fingerprinting incoming foreign visitors for years,Tan says.Their in-dex fingers are______(57)and screened against digital files of the fingerprints of bad guys-terrorists and potential criminals that our federal guardians have been tasked with keeping mit of the country. Unfortunately,for the Singaporean travelers,one potential______(58)effect of his drug treatment is a smoothing of the tissue on the finger pads.______(59),no finger- pnnts.
"It is uncertain when fingerprint loss will______(60)to take place in patients who are taking capecitabine,"Tan points out. So he cautions any physicians who______(61)the drug to provide their patients with a doctor's note pointing out that their medicine may cause fingerprints to disappear.
Eventually,the Singapore traveler made it into the United States.I guess the name on his passport didn't raise any red flags.But he's also now got the explanatory doctor's note-and won't leave home______(62)it.
By the way,maybe the Food and Drug Administration,______(63)approved use of the drug 11 years ago,should consider______(64)its list of side effects associated with this medi-cine.The current list does note that patients may experience vomiting,stomach pain and some other side effects.But no where______(65)it mention the potential for loss of fingerprints.
56._________
A:. digits
B: marks
C: images
D: pictures
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Intelligence一a Changed View
1.Intelligence was believed to be a fixed entity,some faculty of the mind that we all possess and which determines in some way the extent of our achievements.its value therefore,was as a predictor of children's future learning.If they differed markedly in their ability to learn complex tasks, then it was clearly necessary to educate them differently and the need for different types of school and even different ability groups within school was obvious.Intelligence tests could be used for streaming children according to ability at an early age,and at 11 these tests were superior to measures of attainment for selecting children for different types of secondary education.
2.Today,we are beginning to think differently. In the last few years,research has thrown doubt on the view that innate intelligence can ever be measured and on the very nature of intelligence itself. There is considerable evidence now which shows the great influence of environment both on achievement and intelligence.Children with poor home backgrounds not only do less well in their school work and intelligence tests but their performance tends to deteriorate gradually compared with that of their more fortunate classmates.
3.There are evidences that support the view that we have to distinguish between genetic intelligence and observed intelligence.Any deficiency in the appropriate genes will restrict development no matter how stimulating the environment. We cannot observe and measure innate intelligence,whereas we can observe and measure the effects of the interaction of whatever is inherited with whatever stimulation has been received from the environment. Researches have been investigating what happens in this interaction.
4.Two major findings have emerged from these researches.Firstly,the greater part of the development of observed intelligence occurs in the earliest years of life.It is estimated that 50 percent of measurable intelligence at age 17 is already predictable by the age of four. Secondly,the most important factors in the environment are language and psychological aspects of the parent-child relationship.Much of the difference in measured intelligence between "privileged" and "disadvantaged" children may be due to the latter's lack of appropriate verbal stimulation and the poverty of their perceptual experiences.
5.These research findings have led to a revision in our understanding of the nature of intelligence.Instead of it being some largely inherited fixed power of the mind,we now see it as a set of development skills with which a person copes with any environment. These skills have to be learned and,indeed,one of them is learning how to learn.
6.The modern ideas concerning the nature of intelligence are bound to have some effect on our school system. In one respect a change is already occurring. With the move toward comprehensive education and the development of unstreamed classes,fewer children will be given the label "low IQ"which must inevitably condemn a child in his own,if not society's eyes. The idea that we can teach children to be intelligent in the same way that we can teach them reading or arithmetic is accepted by more and more people.
It was once believed_________,and thus we can tell how successful he/she will be in the future according to his/her intelligence.
A:born to be more intelligent or less intelligent
B:have a better chance to develop his intelligence
C:taught to be more intelligent
D:that intelligence was something a baby was born with
E:and because of the lack of communication with his classmates
F: and partly has to do with a child's living environment
Intelligence一a Changed View
1.Intelligence was believed to be a fixed entity,some faculty of the mind that we all possess and which determines in some way the extent of our achievements.its value therefore,was as a predictor of children's future learning.If they differed markedly in their ability to learn complex tasks, then it was clearly necessary to educate them differently and the need for different types of school and even different ability groups within school was obvious.Intelligence tests could be used for streaming children according to ability at an early age,and at 11 these tests were superior to measures of attainment for selecting children for different types of secondary education.
2.Today,we are beginning to think differently. In the last few years,research has thrown doubt on the view that innate intelligence can ever be measured and on the very nature of intelligence itself. There is considerable evidence now which shows the great influence of environment both on achievement and intelligence.Children with poor home backgrounds not only do less well in their school work and intelligence tests but their performance tends to deteriorate gradually compared with that of their more fortunate classmates.
3.There are evidences that support the view that we have to distinguish between genetic intelligence and observed intelligence.Any deficiency in the appropriate genes will restrict development no matter how stimulating the environment. We cannot observe and measure innate intelligence,whereas we can observe and measure the effects of the interaction of whatever is inherited with whatever stimulation has been received from the environment. Researches have been investigating what happens in this interaction.
4.Two major findings have emerged from these researches.Firstly,the greater part of the development of observed intelligence occurs in the earliest years of life.It is estimated that 50 percent of measurable intelligence at age 17 is already predictable by the age of four. Secondly,the most important factors in the environment are language and psychological aspects of the parent-child relationship.Much of the difference in measured intelligence between "privileged" and "disadvantaged" children may be due to the latter's lack of appropriate verbal stimulation and the poverty of their perceptual experiences.
5.These research findings have led to a revision in our understanding of the nature of intelligence.Instead of it being some largely inherited fixed power of the mind,we now see it as a set of development skills with which a person copes with any environment. These skills have to be learned and,indeed,one of them is learning how to learn.
6.The modern ideas concerning the nature of intelligence are bound to have some effect on our school system. In one respect a change is already occurring. With the move toward comprehensive education and the development of unstreamed classes,fewer children will be given the label "low IQ"which must inevitably condemn a child in his own,if not society's eyes. The idea that we can teach children to be intelligent in the same way that we can teach them reading or arithmetic is accepted by more and more people.
It was once believed_________,and thus we can tell how successful he/she will be in the future according to his/her intelligence.
A:born to be more intelligent or less intelligent
B:have a better chance to develop his intelligence
C:taught to be more intelligent
D:that intelligence was something a baby was born with
E:and because of the lack of communication with his classmates
F: and partly has to do with a child's living environment
Patricia stared at the other girls with resentment.
A:doubt
B:anger
C:love
D:surprise
A:doubt
B:anger
C:love
D:surprise
共用题干
Parkinson's Disease
1 Parkinson's disease affects the way you move.It happens when there is a problem with certain nerve
cells in the brain. Normally , these nerve cells make an important chemical called dopamine（多巴胺）. Dopa-
mine sends signals to the part of your brain that controls movement.It lets your muscles move smoothly and
do what you want them to do.When you have Parkinson's,these nerve cells break down.Then you no longer
have enough dopamine,and you have trouble moving the way you want to.
2 No one knows for sure what makes these nerve cells break down.But scientists are doing a lot of re-
search to look for the answer. They are studying many possible causes,including aging and poisons in the en-
vironment.Abnormal genes seem to lead to Parkinson's disease in some people.But so far,there is not enough
proof to show that it is always inherited.
3 Tremor（颤抖）may be the first symptom you notice.It is one of the most common signs of the
disease,although not everyone has it.Tremor often starts in just one arm or leg or only on one side of the
body.It may be worse when you are awake but not moving the affected arm or leg. It may get better when you
move the limb or when you are asleep.In time,Parkinson's affects muscles all through your body,so it can
lead to problems like trouble swallowing or constipation（便秘）.In the later stages of the disease , a person
with Parkinson's may have a fixed or blank expression,trouble speaking,and other problems.Some people
also have a decrease in mental skills.
4 At this time,there is no cure for Parkinson's disease.But there are several types of medicines that
can control the symptoms and make the disease easier to live with.You may not even need treatment if your
symptoms are mild.Your doctor may wait to prescribe medicines until your symptoms start to get in the way of
your daily life.Your doctor will adjust your medicines as your symptoms get worse.You may need to take
several medicines to get the best results.
Paragraph 2__________
A:Means of Diagnosis of the Disease
B:Tips for Patients With the Disease
C:Common Treatment for the Disease
D:Definition of Parkinson's Disease
E:Possible Causes of the Disease
F: Typical Symptoms of the Disease
Parkinson's Disease
1 Parkinson's disease affects the way you move.It happens when there is a problem with certain nerve
cells in the brain. Normally , these nerve cells make an important chemical called dopamine（多巴胺）. Dopa-
mine sends signals to the part of your brain that controls movement.It lets your muscles move smoothly and
do what you want them to do.When you have Parkinson's,these nerve cells break down.Then you no longer
have enough dopamine,and you have trouble moving the way you want to.
2 No one knows for sure what makes these nerve cells break down.But scientists are doing a lot of re-
search to look for the answer. They are studying many possible causes,including aging and poisons in the en-
vironment.Abnormal genes seem to lead to Parkinson's disease in some people.But so far,there is not enough
proof to show that it is always inherited.
3 Tremor（颤抖）may be the first symptom you notice.It is one of the most common signs of the
disease,although not everyone has it.Tremor often starts in just one arm or leg or only on one side of the
body.It may be worse when you are awake but not moving the affected arm or leg. It may get better when you
move the limb or when you are asleep.In time,Parkinson's affects muscles all through your body,so it can
lead to problems like trouble swallowing or constipation（便秘）.In the later stages of the disease , a person
with Parkinson's may have a fixed or blank expression,trouble speaking,and other problems.Some people
also have a decrease in mental skills.
4 At this time,there is no cure for Parkinson's disease.But there are several types of medicines that
can control the symptoms and make the disease easier to live with.You may not even need treatment if your
symptoms are mild.Your doctor may wait to prescribe medicines until your symptoms start to get in the way of
your daily life.Your doctor will adjust your medicines as your symptoms get worse.You may need to take
several medicines to get the best results.
Paragraph 2__________
A:Means of Diagnosis of the Disease
B:Tips for Patients With the Disease
C:Common Treatment for the Disease
D:Definition of Parkinson's Disease
E:Possible Causes of the Disease
F: Typical Symptoms of the Disease
共用题干
Energy Cycle
Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it's painful?This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation.He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.
During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you are"hot".That's true.The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at this peak.For some people the peak comes during the morning. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so,but it leads to such familiar words as:"Get up, John!You'll be late for work again!"The possible explanation to the trouble is he is at his tempera-ture-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean,and which cycle each member of the family has.
You can't change your energy cycle,but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help,Dr. Kleitman believes.Maybe you're sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway.Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to.If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day,rise before your usual hour. This won't change your cycle,but you'll get up steam and work better at your low point.
Get off to a slow start,which saves your energy.Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch.Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before.Whenever possible,do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy for your sharper hours.
According to the passage,many family quarrels are resulted from awareness of different energy cycles.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned
Energy Cycle
Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it's painful?This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation.He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.
During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you are"hot".That's true.The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at this peak.For some people the peak comes during the morning. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so,but it leads to such familiar words as:"Get up, John!You'll be late for work again!"The possible explanation to the trouble is he is at his tempera-ture-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean,and which cycle each member of the family has.
You can't change your energy cycle,but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help,Dr. Kleitman believes.Maybe you're sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway.Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to.If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day,rise before your usual hour. This won't change your cycle,but you'll get up steam and work better at your low point.
Get off to a slow start,which saves your energy.Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch.Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before.Whenever possible,do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy for your sharper hours.
According to the passage,many family quarrels are resulted from awareness of different energy cycles.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned
共用题干
Research shows we make up our minds about people through unspoken communication within seven seconds of meeting them. Consciously or unconsciously,we show our true feelings with our eyes,faces,bodies and attitudes,causing a chain of reactions,ranging from comfort to fear.
Think about some of your most unforgettable meetings:an introduction to your future spouse,a job interview,an encounter with a stranger. Focus on the first seven seconds.What did you feel and think?How did you"read"the other person?How do you think he read you?
You are the message.For 25 years I've worked with thousands who want to be successful.I've helped them make persuasive presentations,answer unfriendly questions,communicate more effectively.The secret has always been you are the message.Others will want to be with you and help you if you use your good qualities.They include:physical appearance,energy,rate of speech, pitch and tone of voice,gestures,expression through the eyes,and the ability to hold the interest of others.Others form an impressiont about you based on these.
Think of times when you know you made a good impression.What made you successful?You were committed to what you were talking about and so absorbed in the moment you lost all self-con-sciousness.
Many books advise you to stride into a room and impress others with your qualities.They instruct you to greet them with"power handshakes"and tell you to fix your eyes on the other person. If you follow all this advice,you'll drive everyone crazy一including yourself.
The trick is to be consistent at your best.The most effective people never change from one situation to another. They're the same whether they're having a conversation,addressing their garden club or being interviewed for a job.They communicate with their whole being;the tones of their voices and their gestures match their words.
Physical appearance is the most important quality which may help us to communicate with others。
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned
Research shows we make up our minds about people through unspoken communication within seven seconds of meeting them. Consciously or unconsciously,we show our true feelings with our eyes,faces,bodies and attitudes,causing a chain of reactions,ranging from comfort to fear.
Think about some of your most unforgettable meetings:an introduction to your future spouse,a job interview,an encounter with a stranger. Focus on the first seven seconds.What did you feel and think?How did you"read"the other person?How do you think he read you?
You are the message.For 25 years I've worked with thousands who want to be successful.I've helped them make persuasive presentations,answer unfriendly questions,communicate more effectively.The secret has always been you are the message.Others will want to be with you and help you if you use your good qualities.They include:physical appearance,energy,rate of speech, pitch and tone of voice,gestures,expression through the eyes,and the ability to hold the interest of others.Others form an impressiont about you based on these.
Think of times when you know you made a good impression.What made you successful?You were committed to what you were talking about and so absorbed in the moment you lost all self-con-sciousness.
Many books advise you to stride into a room and impress others with your qualities.They instruct you to greet them with"power handshakes"and tell you to fix your eyes on the other person. If you follow all this advice,you'll drive everyone crazy一including yourself.
The trick is to be consistent at your best.The most effective people never change from one situation to another. They're the same whether they're having a conversation,addressing their garden club or being interviewed for a job.They communicate with their whole being;the tones of their voices and their gestures match their words.
Physical appearance is the most important quality which may help us to communicate with others。
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned
