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Energy Cycle
Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it's painful?This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation.He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.
During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you are"hot".That's true.The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at this peak.For some people the peak comes during the morning. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so,but it leads to such familiar words as:"Get up, John!You'll be late for work again!"The possible explanation to the trouble is he is at his tempera-ture-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean,and which cycle each member of the family has.
You can't change your energy cycle,but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help,Dr. Kleitman believes.Maybe you're sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway.Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to.If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day,rise before your usual hour. This won't change your cycle,but you'll get up steam and work better at your low point.
Get off to a slow start,which saves your energy.Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch.Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before.Whenever possible,do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy for your sharper hours.
According to the passage,many family quarrels are resulted from awareness of different energy cycles.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

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共用题干
Exercise
Whether or not exercise adds___1___the length of life,it is common experience that a certain___2___of regular exercise improves the health and contributes a feeling of wellbeing.
Furthermore,exercise___3___involves play and recreation,and relieves nervous tension and mental fatigue in so doing,is not only pleasant but beneficial. How much and what kind of exercise one should___4___merits careful consideration. The growing child and the normal young man and young woman thrill with the exhilaration of strenuous sports.They fatigue to the___5___of exhaustion but recover promptly with a period of rest. But not so with___6___of middle age and beyond. For them moderation is___7___vital importance. Just how much exercise a person of a given age can safely take is a question___8___to answer. Individual variability is___9___ great to permit of generalization.
A game of tennis may be perfectly safe for one person of forty but folly for another. The safe limit for exercise___10___ on the condition of the heart,the condition of the muscles,the type of exercise,and the regularity with which it is taken.Two general suggestions,however,will___11___ as sound advice for anyone.The first is that the condition of the heart and general health should be___12___ periodically by careful, thorough physical examinations. The___13___is that exercise should be kept below the point of physical exhaustion.
What type of exercise one should___14___depends upon one's physical condition. Young people can safely enjoy vigorous competitive sports,but most older persons do better to limit themselves to less strenuous activities. Walking,swimming,skating are among the sports that one can enjoy and safely participate___15___throughout life. Regularity is important if one is to get the most enjoyment and benefit out of exercise.
3._________
A: which
B: where
C: when
D: why
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第二篇
Exercise and Brain
Just as exercise strengthens the heart and lungs,bones and muscles,it may also power up the brain.A succession of scientific studies of animals implies that physical activity has a positive effect on mental functioning.
"It's clear that the brain benefits from exercise,"says brain scientist William Greenough of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.His studies with rats have demonstrated two primary effects of activity:Vigorous physical exercise provides the brain with more fuel,and skill-based ex-ercise increases the formation of connections in the brain, which, according to the proposals of some scientists,may make the brain better able to process information.
In one experiment,laboratory rats were separated into three groups.One group was exercised by running inside an automatic wheel,a second group improved their skills in a complicated obstacle course,and a third group was inactive.
"The animals that learned to go through the obstacle course exhibited a greater number of brain connections than the animals in the exercised or inactive groups,"Greenough said."In contrast, the animals that exercised inside the automatic wheel possessed a greater density of blood vessels in the brain than did either of the other two groups of animals."
Learning a new dance step may boost the brain in the same way that learning a language can, he says.And if the dance is a good physical exercise as well,the benefits multiply.Young brains may be especially able to boost brain power through exercise,suggested another of Greenough's experiments that showed the most significant changes in the brain occurred among rats that had been exercised when very young.And while animals aren't people,he says it is logical to make the inference that an effect found in rats may also apply to humans.
Human studies have focused primarily on older adults and suggest that regular exercise can improve the speed with which the brain processes information.Measurements made by Arthur Kramer at the University of Illinois demonstrated that inactive adults,aged 63 to 82,could hit buttons faster in response to a tone after they went through a 10-week water exercise course.A corresponding control group that didn't exercise showed no improvement.
Which statement is correct according to the passage?
A:The effect of exercises found in rats can not apply to people.
B:Changes in the brain occurred among young rats are more significant than those among adult rats.
C:Regular exercise can only improve the speed with which the older adults' brain processes information.
D:The author encourages people do more skill-based exercise instead of vigorous physical exercise.
The index is the government's chief gauge of future economic activity.
A:measure
B:opinion
C:evaluation
D:decision
共用题干
第一篇
More About Alzheimer' s Disease
Scientists have developed skin tests that may be used in the future to identify people with Alzheimer's
disease and may ultimately allow physicians to predict who is at risk of getting this neurological
(神经病学的)disorder.
The only current means of diagnosing the disease in a living patient is a long and expensive series of
tests that eliminate every other cause of dementia.
"Since Alois Alzheimer described the disease nearly a century ago,people have been trying to find a
way to accurately diagnose it in its early stages,"said Patricia Grady,acting director of the National Institute
of Neurological Disorders and Stroke in Bethesda,Maryland."This discovery,if confirmed,could prove a big
step forward in our efforts to deal with and understand the disease."
Alzheimer's is the single greatest cause of mental deterioration in older people,affecting between 2.5
million and 4 million people in the United States alone.The devastating disorder gradually destroys memory and
the ability to function,and eventually causes death. There is currently no known treatment for the disease.
Researchers discovered that the skin cells of Alzheimer's patients have defects that interfere with their
ability to regulate the flow of potassium in and out of the cells.The fact that the cell defects are present in the
skin suggests that Alzheimer's results from physiological changes throughout the body,and that dementia may
be the first noticeable effect of these changes as the defects affect the cells in the brain,scientists said.
The flow of potassium is especially critical in cells responsible for memory formation.The scientists also
found two other defects that affect the cells' supply of calcium,another critical element.
One test developed by researches calls for growing skin cells in a laboratory culture and then testing
them with an electrical detector to determine if the microscopic tunnels that govern the flow of potassium are
open.Open potassium channels create a unique electrical signature.
A spokesman for the Alzheimer's Association said that if the validity of the diagnostic test can be
proven it would be an important development,but he cautioned that other promising tests for Alzheimer's
have been disappointing.
The newly developed skin tests may be used in the future to allow doctors to________.
A:cure those with Alzheimer's disease
B:discover the cause of Alzheimer's disease
C:predict who might get Alzheimer's disease
D:find the consequences of Alzheimer's disease
共用题干
For nearly 17 years David Cope has worked as one of the Tower of London's yeoman warders, _________(51)known to tourists as beefeaters.David,64,lives in a three-bedroomed flat right at the_______(52)of the Byward Tower,one of the gatehouses."_________(53)our bedroom we have a marvelous view of Tower Bridge and the Thames",says David.
The Tower of London is famous__________(54)its ravens,the large black birds which have lived there for over three centuries.David was immediately fascinated by the birds and when he was _________(55)the post of Raven Master eight years ago he had no_________(56)in accepting it. "The birds have now become my life and I'm always_________(57)of the fact that I am _________(58)a tradition.The legend says that if the ravens leave the Tower,England will fall to enemies,and it's my job to__________(59)sure this doesn't happen!"
David________(60)about four hours a day to the care of the ravens.He has grown to love them and the_________(61)that he lives right next to them is ideal."1 can_________(62)a close eye on them all the time,and not just when I'm working."_________(63),David's wife Mo was not __________ (64)on the idea of life in the Tower,but she too will he sad to leave when he retires next year."When we look out of our windows,we see history_________(65)around us,and we are taking it in and storing it up for our future memories."
_________(55)
A:award
B:applied
C:presented
D:offered
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